Dianthus barbatus L.
(Sweet William, Sweet-William)

Interactions where Dianthus barbatus is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
is parasitised by UK/Ireland Erysiphe buhrii Campion Mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe buhrii/Erysiphe buhriicampion mildew Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-William parasitises
flower-bud (rotting) rotting flower-bud may be infected and damaged by colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph Alternaria dianthicola a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Alternaria dianthicola, David, J.C., 1991
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleosporaceae/Alternaria dianthicola/Alternaria dianthicolaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyAlternaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamrottingflower-bud colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph infects and damages rotting flower-bud
flower (swollen) swollen flower is galled by sorus Foreign Thecaphora saponariae Urocystidales: Glomosporiaceae Sorosporium saponariae, Mordue, J.E.M., 1970
European Smut Fungi, Vánky, K., 1994
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Urocystidales/Glomosporiaceae/Thecaphora saponariae/Thecaphora saponariaesorus Foodplant / gallForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamswollenflower sorus causes gall of swollen flower
inflorescence (sepal) (live) Rare live inflorescence (sepal) may be infected and damaged by effuse colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph Restricted Mycosphaerella dianthi (Sweet William race) a Dianthus ringspot (causative organism) Capnodiales: Davidiellaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Davidiellaceae/Mycosphaerella dianthi (Sweet William race)/Mycosphaerella dianthi (Sweet William race)a Dianthus ringspot (causative organism)effusecolonyCladosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamliveinflorescence (sepal)Sole effuse colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph infects and damages live inflorescence (sepal)
leaf (younger) (live) live leaf (younger) may be infected and damaged by Major Carnation Vein Mottle virus a phytopathogenic virus Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
/Carnation Vein Mottle virus/Carnation Vein Mottle virusa phytopathogenic virus Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamliveleaf (younger)Major infects and damages live leaf (younger)
leaf leaf may be infected and damaged by colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph Alternaria dianthi Carnation Blight - causative organism Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleosporaceae/Alternaria dianthi/Alternaria dianthicarnation blight - causative organismcolonyAlternaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamleaf colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph infects and damages leaf
leaf leaf is spotted by colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph Alternaria dianthi Carnation Blight - causative organism Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleosporaceae/Alternaria dianthi/Alternaria dianthicarnation blight - causative organismcolonyAlternaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / spot causer /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamleaf colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph causes spots on leaf
leaf (fading) fading leaf is spotted by amphigenous, gregarious, covering the whole spot pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Septoria sinarum a leaf-spot fungus Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria sinarum/Septoria sinaruma leaf-spot fungusamphigenous, gregarious, covering the whole spotpycnidiumSeptoria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamfadingleaf (7)amphigenous, gregarious, covering the whole spot pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on fading leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is mined by larva Delia cardui Carnation Fly, Carnation Leaf Miner Diptera: Anthomyiidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Anthomyiidae/Delia cardui/Delia carduicarnation fly, carnation leaf minerlarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamliveleaf (9-)larva mines live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may be infected and damaged by effuse colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph Restricted Mycosphaerella dianthi (Sweet William race) a Dianthus ringspot (causative organism) Capnodiales: Davidiellaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Davidiellaceae/Mycosphaerella dianthi (Sweet William race)/Mycosphaerella dianthi (Sweet William race)a Dianthus ringspot (causative organism)effusecolonyCladosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-WilliamliveleafSole effuse colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph infects and damages live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by epiphyllous, numerous, black pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Septoria dianthi a Dianthus leaf spot (causative organism) Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria dianthi/Septoria dianthia Dianthus leaf spot (causative organism)epiphyllous, numerous, blackpycnidiumSeptoria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamliveleaf (7-9)epiphyllous, numerous, black pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by amphigenous, gregarious, covering the whole spot pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Septoria sinarum a leaf-spot fungus Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria sinarum/Septoria sinaruma leaf-spot fungusamphigenous, gregarious, covering the whole spotpycnidiumSeptoria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamliveleaf (7)amphigenous, gregarious, covering the whole spot pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by densely gregarious, subepidermal, erumpent pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Ascochyta cookei a coelomycete Pleosporales British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Ascochyta cookei/Ascochyta cookeia coelomycetedensely gregarious, subepidermal, erumpentpycnidiumAscochyta coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamliveleaf densely gregarious, subepidermal, erumpent pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by clustered, blackish pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomatous anamorph UK/IrelandMajor Ascochyta dianthi a Dianthus leaf spot (causative organism) Pleosporales Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
British Parasitic Fungi, Moore, W.C., 1959
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Ascochyta dianthi/Ascochyta dianthia Dianthus leaf spot (causative organism)clustered, blackishpycnidiumAscochyta coelomatous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-WilliamliveleafMajor (summer)clustered, blackish pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomatous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph Alternaria dianthicola a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Alternaria dianthicola, David, J.C., 1991
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleosporaceae/Alternaria dianthicola/Alternaria dianthicolaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyAlternaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / spot causer /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamliveleaf colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous, often circinate telium Minor Puccinia arenariae Sweet William Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia arenariae/Puccinia arenariaesweet william rusthypophyllous, often circinatetelium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-WilliamliveleafMinor hypophyllous, often circinate telium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by elongatedly or circinately swollen, grouped telium Uromyces dianthi Carnation Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces dianthi/Uromyces dianthicarnation rustelongatedly or circinately swollen, groupedtelium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamliveleaf elongatedly or circinately swollen, grouped telium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous uredium Uromyces dianthi Carnation Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces dianthi/Uromyces dianthicarnation rustamphigenousuredium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamliveleaf amphigenous uredium parasitises live leaf
peduncle (patchily bleached) patchily bleached peduncle is decayed by brown haloed, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph Phomopsis caryophylli a coelomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis caryophylli/Phomopsis caryophyllia coelomycetebrown haloed, gregariouspycnidiumPhomopsis coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williampatchily bleachedpeduncle brown haloed, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on patchily bleached peduncle
stem stem may be infected and damaged by colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph Alternaria dianthi Carnation Blight - causative organism Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleosporaceae/Alternaria dianthi/Alternaria dianthicarnation blight - causative organismcolonyAlternaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamstem colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph infects and damages stem
stem (cracked) cracked stem may be infected and damaged by ForeignCaptivity Burkholderia caryophylli (A Plant Pathogenic Pseudomonad) Burkholderia caryophylli, Saddler, G.S., 1994
/Proteobacteria/Betaproteobacteria/Burkholderia caryophylli/Burkholderia caryophylli(a plant pathogenic pseudomonad) Foodplant / pathogenForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamcrackedstem Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally inducedinfects and damages cracked stem
stem (live) live stem is mined by larva Delia cardui Carnation Fly, Carnation Leaf Miner Diptera: Anthomyiidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Anthomyiidae/Delia cardui/Delia carduicarnation fly, carnation leaf minerlarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamlivestem (9-)larva mines live stem
stem (live) live stem may be infected and damaged by effuse colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph Restricted Mycosphaerella dianthi (Sweet William race) a Dianthus ringspot (causative organism) Capnodiales: Davidiellaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Davidiellaceae/Mycosphaerella dianthi (Sweet William race)/Mycosphaerella dianthi (Sweet William race)a Dianthus ringspot (causative organism)effusecolonyCladosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-WilliamlivestemSole effuse colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph infects and damages live stem
stem (live) live stem is parasitised by elongatedly or circinately swollen, grouped telium Uromyces dianthi Carnation Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces dianthi/Uromyces dianthicarnation rustelongatedly or circinately swollen, groupedtelium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamlivestem elongatedly or circinately swollen, grouped telium parasitises live stem
stem (live) live stem is parasitised by uredium Uromyces dianthi Carnation Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces dianthi/Uromyces dianthicarnation rusturedium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamlivestem uredium parasitises live stem
stem (widely blackened and patchily bleached) widely blackened and patchily bleached stem is decayed by brown haloed, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph Phomopsis caryophylli a coelomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis caryophylli/Phomopsis caryophyllia coelomycetebrown haloed, gregariouspycnidiumPhomopsis coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus barbatus/Dianthus barbatussweet William, sweet-Williamwidely blackened and patchily bleachedstem brown haloed, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on widely blackened and patchily bleached stem

Author & YearTitleSource
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden PlantsCollins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
David, J.C., 1991Alternaria dianthicolaI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1073.
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995Fungi of the South East England383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidiaVol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Ing, B., 1990An Introduction to British Powdery MildewsMycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Moore, W.C., 1959British Parasitic Fungi430pp, Cambridge University Press
Mordue, J.E.M., 1970Sorosporium saponariaeI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 965.
Saddler, G.S., 1994Burkholderia caryophylliI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1215.
Vánky, K., 1994European Smut Fungi570pp, Gustav Fischer Verlag

Dianthus barbatus (Sweet William, Sweet-William) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesDianthus barbatus (Sweet William, Sweet-William)
GenusDianthus (pinks)
FamilyCARYOPHYLLACEAE (chickweeds, stitchworts and campions, carnation)
OrderCARYOPHYLLALES (pinks, goosefoots and docks)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Dianthus barbatus (Sweet William, Sweet-William)

Dianthus barbatus (Sweet William, Sweet-William) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Dianthus barbatus (Sweet William, Sweet-William):

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