Epilobium montanum L.
(Broad-leaved Willowherb)

Interactions where Epilobium montanum is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season	Summary
(live)		live is parasitised by sporangium			Plasmopara epilobii	a downy mildew	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002 The return of Peronospora arthurii, and some other fungi from Oenothera, Spooner, B., 2013	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Plasmopara epilobii/	Plasmopara epilobii	a downy mildew				sporangium	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live						sporangium parasitises live
(live)		live is parasitised by conidial anamorph			Podosphaera epilobii	Willow Herb Mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Podosphaera epilobii/	Podosphaera epilobii	willow herb mildew				conidial anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live					(8-10)	conidial anamorph parasitises live
(live)		live is parasitised by cleistothecium			Podosphaera epilobii	Willow Herb Mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Podosphaera epilobii/	Podosphaera epilobii	willow herb mildew				cleistothecium	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live					(8-10)	cleistothecium parasitises live
(live)		live may be infected and damaged by aecium			Puccinia pulverulenta	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia pulverulenta/	Puccinia pulverulenta	a rust fungus				aecium	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live						aecium infects and damages live
(live)		live is parasitised by intercellular spores of telium			Pucciniastrum epilobii	Willowherb Rust, Fuchsia Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Pucciniastrum epilobii/	Pucciniastrum epilobii	willowherb rust, fuchsia rust		intercellular	spores	telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live					(8-10)	intercellular spores of telium parasitises live
leaf (live, often red or yellow spotted)		live, often red or yellow spotted leaf is spotted by uredium			Pucciniastrum epilobii	Willowherb Rust, Fuchsia Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Pucciniastrum epilobii/	Pucciniastrum epilobii	willowherb rust, fuchsia rust				uredium	Foodplant / spot causer			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live, often red or yellow spotted	leaf				(8-10)	uredium causes spots on live, often red or yellow spotted leaf
leaf (live, seedling)		live, seedling leaf is parasitised by pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph			Septoria alpicola	a leaf-spot fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 New and interesting microfungi from the 1978 Exeter foray, Hawksworth, D.L. & Minter. D.W., 1980	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria alpicola/	Septoria alpicola	a leaf-spot fungus			pycnidium	Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live, seedling	leaf				(7-9)	pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph parasitises live, seedling leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by pseudostroma of Ramularia anamorph			Phaeoramularia punctiformis	an anamorphic fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Phaeoramularia punctiformis/	Phaeoramularia punctiformis	an anamorphic fungus			pseudostroma	Ramularia anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live	leaf				(8-9)	pseudostroma of Ramularia anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by amphigenous, greyish white to brown caespituli of Ramularia anamorph			Phaeoramularia punctiformis	an anamorphic fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Phaeoramularia punctiformis/	Phaeoramularia punctiformis	an anamorphic fungus		amphigenous, greyish white to brown	caespituli	Ramularia anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live	leaf				(8-9)	amphigenous, greyish white to brown caespituli of Ramularia anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by amphigenous, minute, brown pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph			Septoria epilobii	a leaf-spot fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria epilobii/	Septoria epilobii	a leaf-spot fungus		amphigenous, minute, brown	pycnidium	Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live	leaf				(7-8)	amphigenous, minute, brown pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by epiphyllous, clustered pseudothecium			Venturia maculiformis	an ascomycete	Venturiales: Venturiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Venturiales/Venturiaceae/Venturia maculiformis/	Venturia maculiformis	an ascomycete		epiphyllous, clustered		pseudothecium	Foodplant / spot causer			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live	leaf				(5-9)	epiphyllous, clustered pseudothecium causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous telium			Puccinia epilobii	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia epilobii/	Puccinia epilobii	a rust fungus		hypophyllous		telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live	leaf					hypophyllous telium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf may be infected and damaged by hypophyllous, often circinate telium			Puccinia pulverulenta	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia pulverulenta/	Puccinia pulverulenta	a rust fungus		hypophyllous, often circinate		telium	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live	leaf					hypophyllous, often circinate telium infects and damages live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf may be infected and damaged by hypophyllous pycnium			Puccinia pulverulenta	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia pulverulenta/	Puccinia pulverulenta	a rust fungus		hypophyllous		pycnium	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live	leaf					hypophyllous pycnium infects and damages live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf may be infected and damaged by hypophyllous, sometimes circinate uredium			Puccinia pulverulenta	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia pulverulenta/	Puccinia pulverulenta	a rust fungus		hypophyllous, sometimes circinate		uredium	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live	leaf					hypophyllous, sometimes circinate uredium infects and damages live leaf
stem		stem is galled by larva			Mompha divisella	Neat Cosmet	Lepidoptera: Momphidae	Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Momphidae/Mompha divisella/	Mompha divisella	neat cosmet				larva	Foodplant / gall			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb			stem					larva causes gall of stem
stem (dead)		dead stem is decayed by conidioma of Pilidium coelomycetous anamorph			Pilidium concavum	a coelomycete	Helotiales: Chaetomellaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Chaetomellaceae/Pilidium concavum/	Pilidium concavum	a coelomycete			conidioma	Pilidium coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		dead	stem					conidioma of Pilidium coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem
stem (live)		live stem is parasitised by uredium			Pucciniastrum epilobii	Willowherb Rust, Fuchsia Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Pucciniastrum epilobii/	Pucciniastrum epilobii	willowherb rust, fuchsia rust				uredium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Myrtales/Onagraceae/Epilobium montanum/	Epilobium montanum	broad-leaved willowherb		live	stem				(8-10)	uredium parasitises live stem

Author & Year	Title	Source
Braun, U., 1998	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II	Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Hawksworth, D.L. & Minter. D.W., 1980	New and interesting microfungi from the 1978 Exeter foray	TBMS Vol 74 (3): 567-577.
Ing, B., 1990	An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews	Mycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Preece, T.F., 2002	A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles	33pp, British Mycological Society
Spooner, B., 2013	The return of Peronospora arthurii, and some other fungi from Oenothera	Field Mycology vol 14 (1): 21-23.
Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls	95pp, British Plant Gall Society (BPGS)

Epilobium montanum (Broad-leaved Willowherb) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Epilobium
(willow-herbs)

ONAGRACEAE
(willowherbs and evening primroses)

EU-DICOTS
(dicotyledonous flowering plants)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Tall Woody Herbs
(tall woody herbs)

Herbaceous Plants
(herbaceous plants)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Epilobium montanum (Broad-leaved Willowherb)
Genus	Epilobium (willow-herbs)
Family	ONAGRACEAE (willowherbs and evening primroses)
Order	MYRTALES (willowherbs, loosestrifes, gums and tea-trees)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Epilobium montanum is also a member of:
Tall Woody Herbs - tall woody herbs (via Epilobium)
Herbaceous Plants - herbaceous plants (via Onagraceae)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Epilobium montanum (Broad-leaved Willowherb)

Epilobium montanum (Broad-leaved Willowherb) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Epilobium
(willow-herbs)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Epilobium montanum (Broad-leaved Willowherb):

Epilobium
(willow-herbs)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

BioImages

BioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 35 images of Epilobium montanum (Broad-leaved Willowherb)

Creative Commons License

This website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence.

Unless otherwise expressly stated, all original material on the BioInfo website by Malcolm Storey is licensed under the above Creative Commons Licence.

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)