Ficaria verna Huds.
(Lesser Celandine)

Interactions where Ficaria verna is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
(live) live is parasitised by sporangium UK/IrelandRestricted Peronospora ficariae a downy mildew Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002
/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora ficariae/Peronospora ficariaea downy mildewsporangium Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandineliveSole sporangium parasitises live
(live) live is parasitised by pycnium Uromyces dactylidis Celandine Clustercup Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces dactylidis/Uromyces dactylidiscelandine clustercup rustpycnium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandinelive pycnium parasitises live
(live) live is parasitised by aecium Minor Uromyces rumicis a rust fungus Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces rumicis/Uromyces rumicisa rust fungusaecium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandineliveMinor (3-5)aecium parasitises live
(live) live is parasitised by pycnium Minor Uromyces rumicis a rust fungus Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces rumicis/Uromyces rumicisa rust funguspycnium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandineliveMinor (3-5)pycnium parasitises live
flower (live) live flower is parasitised by embedded sorus Urocystis ficariae a smut fungus Urocystidales: Urocystidaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Urocystidales/Urocystidaceae/Urocystis ficariae/Urocystis ficariaea smut fungusembeddedsorus Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandineliveflower embedded sorus parasitises live flower
leaf (fading) fading leaf is spotted by amphigenous, immersed, black, subshining pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Septoria ficariae a leaf-spot fungus Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria ficariae/Septoria ficariaea leaf-spot fungusamphigenous, immersed, black, subshiningpycnidiumSeptoria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandinefadingleaf (5-7)amphigenous, immersed, black, subshining pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on fading leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by sporangium UK/IrelandRare Plasmoverna pygmaea a downy mildew Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002
/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Plasmoverna pygmaea/Plasmoverna pygmaeaa downy mildewsporangium Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandineliveleafRare sporangium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by aecium Uromyces dactylidis Celandine Clustercup Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
The Rust Fungi of the British Isles: A Guide to Identification by their Host Plants, Henderson, D.M., 2004
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces dactylidis/Uromyces dactylidiscelandine clustercup rustaecium Foodplant / spot causer /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandineliveleaf (early Spring)aecium causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous telium Restricted Uromyces ficariae Bitter Chocolate Rust, Celandine Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces ficariae/Uromyces ficariaebitter chocolate rust, celandine rustamphigenoustelium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandineliveleafSole (3-5)amphigenous telium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous Entylomella anamorph UK/IrelandMajor Entyloma ficariae a smut fungus Entylomatales: Entylomataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
New British Records 232: Entyloma ranunculi-repentis, Spooner, B.M., 2003
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Entylomatales/Entylomataceae/Entyloma ficariae/Entyloma ficariaea smut fungusamphigenousEntylomella anamorph Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandineliveleafMajor (4-5)amphigenous Entylomella anamorph parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by embedded sorus UK/IrelandMajor Entyloma ficariae a smut fungus Entylomatales: Entylomataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
New British Records 232: Entyloma ranunculi-repentis, Spooner, B.M., 2003
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Entylomatales/Entylomataceae/Entyloma ficariae/Entyloma ficariaea smut fungusembeddedsorus Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandineliveleafMajor (4-5)embedded sorus parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by embedded sorus UK/Ireland Urocystis ficariae a smut fungus Urocystidales: Urocystidaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Urocystidales/Urocystidaceae/Urocystis ficariae/Urocystis ficariaea smut fungusembeddedsorus Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandineliveleaf embedded sorus parasitises live leaf
petiole (live) live petiole is parasitised by aecium Uromyces dactylidis Celandine Clustercup Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
The Rust Fungi of the British Isles: A Guide to Identification by their Host Plants, Henderson, D.M., 2004
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces dactylidis/Uromyces dactylidiscelandine clustercup rustaecium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandinelivepetiole (early Spring)aecium parasitises live petiole
petiole (live) live petiole is parasitised by telium Restricted Uromyces ficariae Bitter Chocolate Rust, Celandine Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces ficariae/Uromyces ficariaebitter chocolate rust, celandine rusttelium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandinelivepetioleSole (3-5)telium parasitises live petiole
petiole (live) live petiole is parasitised by embedded sorus UK/Ireland Urocystis ficariae a smut fungus Urocystidales: Urocystidaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Urocystidales/Urocystidaceae/Urocystis ficariae/Urocystis ficariaea smut fungusembeddedsorus Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/Ficaria vernalesser celandinelivepetiole embedded sorus parasitises live petiole

Author & YearTitleSource
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995Fungi of the South East England383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidiaVol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Henderson, D.M., 2004The Rust Fungi of the British Isles: A Guide to Identification by their Host Plants35pp, British Mycological Society
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Preece, T.F., 2002A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles33pp, British Mycological Society
Spooner, B.M., 2003New British Records 232: Entyloma ranunculi-repentisMycologist Vol 17 (2): 62.

Ficaria verna (Lesser Celandine) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Subtaxon Rank Featured
subtaxa
No of
interactions
No of
references
Subspecies 2 trophisms
Subspecies 2 trophisms
Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesFicaria verna (Lesser Celandine)
GenusFicaria (lesser celandine)
FamilyRANUNCULACEAE (buttercups, crowfoots)
OrderRANUNCULALES (buttercups, poppies and barberries)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Ficaria verna (Lesser Celandine)

Ficaria verna (Lesser Celandine) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

General Works

AuthorYearTitleSource

Plant Pathology

Zweto, P. & Blanz, P. 2012 Aeciospore types in rusts on Ranunculus and allied genera Stapfia Vol 96: 105-121.

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to Ficaria verna (Lesser Celandine):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 49 images of Ficaria verna (Lesser Celandine)

Familiar early spring woodland flowers. The stored energy in its tubers enables it to get flowering over before the canopy closes.

A species complex comprising Ficaria verna s.s. with a chromosome number of 2n=16 (diploid) and several tetraploids with 2n=32. Triploids (2n=24) also occur and are presumed to be hybrids between Ficaria verna s.s. and one of the tetraploids.

There are also numerous (>20) garden varieties with larger and/or differently coloured petals, bronze foliage, flore pleno etc. Some of these may escape, introgress or be thrown out with garden rubbish.

To distinguish the subspecies, look for:

bulbils in the axils
whether abundant or very little seed is formed
petal length
empty pollen grains (microscope)
no of chloroplasts per stomatal guard cell (microscope)
The bulbils are about the size and colour of a grain of wheat. Unfortunately these only become obvious after flowering. However, peeling back the petiole on the lowest leaves will reveal small pale bulbils even while still in flower. If there is no sign of bulbils in the lowest axils by the time the first petals have dropped, the plant can safely be taken to be non-bulbiliferous.

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