Carex (sedges)

Interactions where Carex is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part	Summary	Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Season	Summary
	may have adult	Donacia impressa	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia impressa/	Donacia impressa	a reed beetle			adult	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges						(4-11)	adult may be found on
	may have adult	Donacia simplex	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia simplex/	Donacia simplex	a reed beetle			adult	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges						(3-9(-11)	adult may be found on
	may house larva	Plateumaris bracata	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Plateumaris bracata/	Plateumaris bracata	a reed beetle			larva	Plant / resting place / among	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva may be found among
	is foodplant of larva	Plateumaris rustica	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Plateumaris rustica/	Plateumaris rustica	a reed beetle			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Kateretes pedicularius	a pollen or sap beetle	Coleoptera: Kateretidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Kateretidae/Kateretes pedicularius/	Kateretes pedicularius	a pollen or sap beetle			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of	Kateretes pusillus	a pollen beetle	Coleoptera: Kateretidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Kateretidae/Kateretes pusillus/	Kateretes pusillus	a pollen beetle				Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Kateretes rufilabris	a pollen or sap beetle	Coleoptera: Kateretidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Kateretidae/Kateretes rufilabris/	Kateretes rufilabris	a pollen or sap beetle			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Phalacrus caricis	a smut beetle	Coleoptera: Phalacridae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Phalacridae/Phalacrus caricis/	Phalacrus caricis	a smut beetle			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Phalacrus substriatus	a smut beetle	Coleoptera: Phalacridae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Phalacridae/Phalacrus substriatus/	Phalacrus substriatus	a smut beetle			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva feeds on
	is associate of imago	Bagous tempestivus	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Bagous tempestivus/	Bagous tempestivus	a weevil			imago	Plant / associate		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							imago is associated with
	is foodplant of larva	Limnobaris dolorosa	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Limnobaris dolorosa/	Limnobaris dolorosa	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Limnobaris t-album	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Limnobaris t-album/	Limnobaris t-album	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva feeds on
	is associate of larva	Platycheirus immarginatus	a hoverfly	Diptera: Syrphidae	Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Syrphidae/Platycheirus immarginatus/	Platycheirus immarginatus	a hoverfly			larva	Plant / associate		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva is associated with
	is associate of larva	Platycheirus perpallidus	a hoverfly	Diptera: Syrphidae	Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Syrphidae/Platycheirus perpallidus/	Platycheirus perpallidus	a hoverfly			larva	Plant / associate		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva is associated with
	is foodplant of larva	Anthomyza dissors	an anthomyzid fly	Diptera: Anthomyzidae	A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera), Part 2, Roháček, J., 2009	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Anthomyzidae/Anthomyza dissors/	Anthomyza dissors	an anthomyzid fly			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges					Sole		larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Anthomyza neglecta	an anthomyzid fly	Diptera: Anthomyzidae	A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera), Part 2, Roháček, J., 2009	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Anthomyzidae/Anthomyza neglecta/	Anthomyza neglecta	an anthomyzid fly			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Anthomyza paraneglecta	an anthomyzid fly	Diptera: Anthomyzidae	A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera), Part 2, Roháček, J., 2009	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Anthomyzidae/Anthomyza paraneglecta/	Anthomyza paraneglecta	an anthomyzid fly			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Stiphrosoma laetum	an anthomyzid fly	Diptera: Anthomyzidae	A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera), Part 2, Roháček, J., 2009	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Anthomyzidae/Stiphrosoma laetum/	Stiphrosoma laetum	an anthomyzid fly			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							larva feeds on
	has sap sucked by nymph	Agramma laetum	a lacebug	Hemiptera: Tingidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Tingidae/Agramma (Agramma) laetum/	Agramma (Agramma) laetum	a lacebug			nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges	?						nymph sucks sap of
	has sap sucked by adult	Agramma laetum	a lacebug	Hemiptera: Tingidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Tingidae/Agramma (Agramma) laetum/	Agramma (Agramma) laetum	a lacebug			adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges	?						adult sucks sap of
	tussock may house hibernating adult	Dictyla convergens	a lacebug	Hemiptera: Tingidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Tingidae/Dictyla convergens/	Dictyla convergens	a lacebug			adult	Plant / hibernates / within		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges				tussock			adult hibernates inside tussock
	has sap sucked by adult	Cymus glandicolor	a seedbug	Hemiptera: Lygaeidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Cymus glandicolor/	Cymus glandicolor	a seedbug			adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							adult sucks sap of
	has sap sucked by nymph	Cymus glandicolor	a seedbug	Hemiptera: Lygaeidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Cymus glandicolor/	Cymus glandicolor	a seedbug			nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							nymph sucks sap of
	has sap sucked by nymph	Eurygaster testudinaria	Tortoise Bug	Hemiptera: Scutelleridae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Scutelleridae/Eurygaster testudinaria/	Eurygaster testudinaria	tortoise bug			nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges					Major		nymph sucks sap of
	has sap sucked by adult	Eurygaster testudinaria	Tortoise Bug	Hemiptera: Scutelleridae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Scutelleridae/Eurygaster testudinaria/	Eurygaster testudinaria	tortoise bug			adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges					Major		adult sucks sap of
	is decayed by immersed pseudothecium	Cladosporium allicinum	an ascomycete	Capnodiales: Cladosporiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Cladosporiaceae/Cladosporium allicinum/	Cladosporium allicinum	an ascomycete	immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges					Minor		immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on
	is decayed by Actinothyrium coelomycetous anamorph	Lophodermium apiculatum	an ascomycete fungus	Rhytismatales: Rhytismataceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Rhytismatales/Rhytismataceae/Lophodermium apiculatum/	Lophodermium apiculatum	an ascomycete fungus			Actinothyrium coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							Actinothyrium coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on
	is decayed by stalked sporodochium of Myrothecium dematiaceous anamorph	Myrothecium masonii	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Hypocreales: Stachybotryaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Stachybotryaceae/Myrothecium masonii/	Myrothecium masonii	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	stalked	sporodochium	Myrothecium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges					Minor		stalked sporodochium of Myrothecium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on
	may house fruitbody	Galerina jaapii	a toadstool	Agaricales: Cortinariaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Galerina jaapii/	Galerina jaapii	a toadstool			fruitbody	Plant / grows among		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							fruitbody grows among
	debris is decayed by fruitbody	Marasmiellus vaillantii	Goblet Parachute	Agaricales: Omphalotaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Marasmiellus vaillantii/	Marasmiellus vaillantii	goblet parachute			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges				debris			fruitbody is saprobic on debris
	is associate of fruitbody	Agrocybe elatella	Marsh Fieldcap	Agaricales: Strophariaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Agrocybe elatella/	Agrocybe elatella	marsh fieldcap			fruitbody	Plant / associate	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							fruitbody is associated with
	is parasitised by uredium	Puccinia caricina	Currant Clustercup Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia caricina/	Puccinia caricina	currant clustercup rust			uredium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges							uredium parasitises
(dead, decayed, wet)	dead, decayed, wet debris is decayed by fruitbody	Mycena bulbosa	Rush Bonnet	Agaricales: Mycenaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Mycena bulbosa/	Mycena bulbosa	rush bonnet			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, decayed, wet		debris	Major		fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed, wet debris
(dead, decayed)	dead, decayed debris is decayed by fruitbody	Simocybe centunculus var laevigata	a dingy twiglet	Agaricales: Inocybaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Simocybe centunculus var. laevigata/	Simocybe centunculus var. laevigata	a dingy twiglet			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, decayed		debris			fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed debris
(dead, decayed)	dead, decayed debris is decayed by fruitbody	Resinomycena saccharifera	a toadstool	Agaricales: Mycenaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Resinomycena saccharifera/	Resinomycena saccharifera	a toadstool			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, decayed		debris			fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed debris
(dead, decayed)	dead, decayed debris is decayed by fruitbody	Deconica phillipsii	Grass Oysterling	Agaricales: Strophariaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Deconica phillipsii/	Deconica phillipsii	grass oysterling			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, decayed		debris			fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed debris
(dead, decayed)	dead, decayed debris is decayed by fruitbody	Trechispora minima	a basidiomycete fungus	Trechisporales: Hydnodontaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Trechisporales/Hydnodontaceae/Trechispora minima/	Trechispora minima	a basidiomycete fungus			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, decayed		debris			fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed debris
(dead)	dead is decayed by generally submerged apothecium	Mollisia pulla	a discomycete	Helotiales: Dermateaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia pulla/	Mollisia pulla	a discomycete	generally submerged		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead				(3-5)	generally submerged apothecium is saprobic on dead
(fungus-infected)	fungus-infected may be secondarily infected by colony of Epicoccum dematiaceous anamorph	Epicoccum nigrum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleosporaceae/Epicoccum nigrum/	Epicoccum nigrum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		colony	Epicoccum dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / secondary infection		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		fungus-infected			Minor	(1-12)	colony of Epicoccum dematiaceous anamorph secondarily infects fungus-infected
(live)	live may have male	Anaphothrips badius	a thrips	Thysanoptera: Thripidae	Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Anaphothrips badius/	Anaphothrips badius	a thrips			male	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		live				(7-9)	male may be found on live
(live)	live may have female	Anaphothrips badius	a thrips	Thysanoptera: Thripidae	Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Anaphothrips badius/	Anaphothrips badius	a thrips			female	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		live				(3,7-9)	female may be found on live
(live)	live is parasitised by fruitbody	Limonomyces culmigenus	a basidiomycete fungus	Corticiales: Corticiaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Corticiales/Corticiaceae/Limonomyces culmigenus/	Limonomyces culmigenus	a basidiomycete fungus			fruitbody	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		live			Rare		fruitbody parasitises live
(live)	live is parasitised by uredium	Puccinia urticata	Nettle Clustercup Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia urticata/	Puccinia urticata	nettle clustercup rust			uredium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		live					uredium parasitises live
(live)	live is parasitised by telium	Puccinia urticata	Nettle Clustercup Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia urticata/	Puccinia urticata	nettle clustercup rust			telium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		live					telium parasitises live
(moist)	moist debris is decayed by fruitbody	Gloiocephala caricis	a parachute	Agaricales: Physalacriaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Gloiocephala caricis/	Gloiocephala caricis	a parachute			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		moist		debris	Sole		fruitbody is saprobic on moist debris
base of clump	base of clump is associate of	Cyrtorhinus caricis	a plantbug or grassbug	Hemiptera: Miridae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Miridae/Cyrtorhinus caricis/	Cyrtorhinus caricis	a plantbug or grassbug				Plant / associate	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			base of clump				is associated with base of clump
base	base may have female apter	Bolothrips dentipes	a thrips	Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae	Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Phlaeothripidae/Bolothrips dentipes/	Bolothrips dentipes	a thrips			female apter	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			base			(7-9)	female apter may be found on base
base	base may have male apter	Bolothrips dentipes	a thrips	Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae	Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Phlaeothripidae/Bolothrips dentipes/	Bolothrips dentipes	a thrips			male apter	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			base			(7-9)	male apter may be found on base
base	base may have larva	Bolothrips dentipes	a thrips	Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae	Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Phlaeothripidae/Bolothrips dentipes/	Bolothrips dentipes	a thrips			larva	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			base			(7-9)	larva may be found on base
catkin	catkin has sap sucked by nymph	Pachybrachius fracticollis	a ground bug	Hemiptera: Lygaeidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Pachybrachius fracticollis/	Pachybrachius fracticollis	a ground bug			nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges	?		catkin				nymph sucks sap of catkin
catkin	catkin has sap sucked by adult	Pachybrachius fracticollis	a ground bug	Hemiptera: Lygaeidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Pachybrachius fracticollis/	Pachybrachius fracticollis	a ground bug			adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges	?		catkin				adult sucks sap of catkin
debris (decayed)	decayed debris is decayed by fruitbody	Coprinopsis martinii	an inkcap	Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Coprinopsis martinii/	Coprinopsis martinii	an inkcap			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		decayed	debris				fruitbody is saprobic on decayed debris
debris (decayed)	decayed debris is decayed by fruitbody	Coprinopsis tigrinella	an inkcap	Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Coprinopsis tigrinella/	Coprinopsis tigrinella	an inkcap			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		decayed	debris				fruitbody is saprobic on decayed debris
debris (decayed)	decayed debris is decayed by often buried under desne layers of decayed grass leaves fruitbody	Coprinopsis urticicola	an inkcap	Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Coprinopsis urticicola/	Coprinopsis urticicola	an inkcap	often buried under desne layers of decayed grass leaves		fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		decayed	debris			(summer)	often buried under desne layers of decayed grass leaves fruitbody is saprobic on decayed debris
fruit (dead)	dead fruit is decayed by amphigenous, scattered or gregarious, immersed in parenchyma pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Stagonospora paludosa	a coelomycete	Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phaeosphaeriaceae/Stagonospora paludosa/	Stagonospora paludosa	a coelomycete	amphigenous, scattered or gregarious, immersed in parenchyma	pycnidium	Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	fruit			(9-4)	amphigenous, scattered or gregarious, immersed in parenchyma pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead fruit
inflorescence	inflorescence is galled by larva	Wachtliella caricis	a gall midge	Diptera: Cecidomyiidae	Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Wachtliella caricis/	Wachtliella caricis	a gall midge			larva	Foodplant / gall		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			inflorescence				larva causes gall of inflorescence
leaf (base) (dead, decayed, sodden)	dead, decayed, sodden leaf (base) is decayed by annual, resupinate, drying dark red fruitbody	Physisporinus sanguinolentus	Bleeding Porecrust	Polyporales: Meripilaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Profiles of Fungi No. 29: Rigidoporus ulmarius (Sow.:Fr.) Imazeki, Pegler, D.N., 1990	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meripilaceae/Physisporinus sanguinolentus/	Physisporinus sanguinolentus	bleeding porecrust	annual, resupinate, drying dark red		fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, decayed, sodden	leaf (base)		Rare		annual, resupinate, drying dark red fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed, sodden leaf (base)
leaf (upper part) (dead)	dead leaf (upper part) is decayed by loosely gregarious, covered pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Stagonospora gigaspora	a coelomycete	Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phaeosphaeriaceae/Stagonospora gigaspora/	Stagonospora gigaspora	a coelomycete	loosely gregarious, covered	pycnidium	Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf (upper part)				loosely gregarious, covered pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf (upper part)
leaf-mine	leaf-mine may house puparium	Cerodontha caricicola	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Cerodontha caricicola/	Cerodontha caricicola	a leaf-mining fly			puparium	Plant / resting place / within		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf-mine				puparium may be found in leaf-mine
leaf-mine	leaf-mine may house puparium	Cerodontha eucaricis	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Cerodontha eucaricis/	Cerodontha eucaricis	a leaf-mining fly			puparium	Plant / resting place / within		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf-mine		Sole		puparium may be found in leaf-mine
leaf	leaf is foodplant of adult	Donacia thalassina	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia thalassina/	Donacia thalassina	a reed beetle			adult	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges	?		leaf			(6-8)	adult feeds on leaf
leaf	leaf may have adult	Donacia vulgaris	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia vulgaris/	Donacia vulgaris	a reed beetle			adult	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf				adult may be found on leaf
leaf	leaf is galled by larva	Planetella fischeri	a gall midge	Diptera: Cecidomyiidae	Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Planetella fischeri/	Planetella fischeri	a gall midge			larva	Foodplant / gall		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf				larva causes gall of leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Cerodontha angulata	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Cerodontha angulata/	Cerodontha angulata	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf				larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf may have puparium	Cerodontha angulata	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Cerodontha angulata/	Cerodontha angulata	a leaf-mining fly			puparium	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf				puparium may be found on leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Cerodontha caricicola	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Cerodontha caricicola/	Cerodontha caricicola	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf				larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Cerodontha eucaricis	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Cerodontha eucaricis/	Cerodontha eucaricis	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf		Sole		larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Cerodontha suturalis	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Cerodontha suturalis/	Cerodontha suturalis	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf		Sole		larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Metopomyza scutellata	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Metopomyza scutellata/	Metopomyza scutellata	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf		Sole		larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf may have puparium	Metopomyza scutellata	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Metopomyza scutellata/	Metopomyza scutellata	a leaf-mining fly			puparium	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf		Sole		puparium may be found on leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Metopomyza xanthaspis	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Metopomyza xanthaspis/	Metopomyza xanthaspis	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf		Sole		larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf may have puparium	Metopomyza xanthaspis	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Metopomyza xanthaspis/	Metopomyza xanthaspis	a leaf-mining fly			puparium	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf		Sole		puparium may be found on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by larva	Euura clibrichella	a sawfly	Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Euura clibrichella/	Euura clibrichella	a sawfly			larva	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf		Sole		larva grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by larva	Euura kirbyi	a sawfly	Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Euura kirbyi/	Euura kirbyi	a sawfly			larva	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf		Sole		larva grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by larva	Euura vaga	a sawfly	Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Euura vaga/	Euura vaga	a sawfly			larva	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf				larva grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by larva	Dolerus haematodes	a sawfly	Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Dolerus haematodes/	Dolerus haematodes	a sawfly			larva	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf				larva grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by larva	Brachythops flavens	a sawfly	Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Brachythops flavens/	Brachythops flavens	a sawfly			larva	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf				larva grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by larva	Brachythops wuestneii	a sawfly	Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Brachythops wuestneii/	Brachythops wuestneii	a sawfly			larva	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf				larva grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is foodplant of very numerous, densely scattered, black, covered, piercing pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Septoria gracillima	a leaf-spot fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria gracillima/	Septoria gracillima	a leaf-spot fungus	very numerous, densely scattered, black, covered, piercing	pycnidium	Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf				very numerous, densely scattered, black, covered, piercing pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph feeds on leaf
leaf	leaf is decayed by immersed, gregarious apothecium	Didymella caricis	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Didymellaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Didymellaceae/Didymella caricis/	Didymella caricis	an ascomycete	immersed, gregarious		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			leaf				immersed, gregarious apothecium is saprobic on leaf
leaf (dead, decayed)	dead, decayed leaf is decayed by fruitbody	Gloiocephala pseudocaricis	a toadstool	Agaricales: Physalacriaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Gloiocephala pseudocaricis/	Gloiocephala pseudocaricis	a toadstool			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, decayed	leaf		Sole		fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed leaf
leaf (dead, decayed)	dead, decayed leaf is decayed by fruitbody	Lagarobasidium detriticum	a resupinate fungus	Hymenochaetales: Schizoporaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Schizoporaceae/Lagarobasidium detriticum/	Lagarobasidium detriticum	a resupinate fungus			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, decayed	leaf		Minor		fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed leaf
leaf (dead, decaying, moist)	dead, decaying, moist leaf is decayed by fruitbody	Gloiocephala caricis	a parachute	Agaricales: Physalacriaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Gloiocephala caricis/	Gloiocephala caricis	a parachute			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, decaying, moist	leaf		Sole		fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decaying, moist leaf
leaf (dead, rain-soaked)	dead, rain-soaked leaf is decayed by extensive, velvety colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Cladosporium cladosporioides	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Capnodiales: Cladosporiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Cladosporiaceae/Cladosporium cladosporioides/	Cladosporium cladosporioides	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	extensive, velvety	colony	Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, rain-soaked	leaf		Minor		extensive, velvety colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, rain-soaked leaf
leaf (dead, rain-soaked)	dead, rain-soaked leaf is decayed by extensive, velvety colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Mycosphaerella tassiana	an ascomycete	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Mycosphaerella tassiana/	Mycosphaerella tassiana	an ascomycete	extensive, velvety	colony	Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, rain-soaked	leaf		Minor	(1-12)	extensive, velvety colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, rain-soaked leaf
leaf (dead, rotting, thinly blackly circumscripted)	dead, rotting, thinly blackly circumscripted leaf is decayed by sessile or short-stalked apothecium	Pezizella eriophori	a discomycete	Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Pezizella eriophori/	Pezizella eriophori	a discomycete	sessile or short-stalked		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, rotting, thinly blackly circumscripted	leaf			(6-7)	sessile or short-stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, rotting, thinly blackly circumscripted leaf
leaf (dead, very rotting, fallen, locally blackened)	dead, very rotting, fallen, locally blackened leaf is decayed by stalked, erumpent apothecium	Rutstroemia lindaviana	a discomycete	Helotiales: Rutstroemiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Rutstroemiaceae/Rutstroemia lindaviana/	Rutstroemia lindaviana	a discomycete	stalked, erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, very rotting, fallen, locally blackened	leaf			(5-9)	stalked, erumpent apothecium is saprobic on dead, very rotting, fallen, locally blackened leaf
leaf (dead, wet)	dead, wet leaf is decayed by fruitbody	Mycocalia denudata	Common Mycocalia	Agaricales: Agaricaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Agaricaceae/Mycocalia denudata/	Mycocalia denudata	common mycocalia			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, wet	leaf				fruitbody is saprobic on dead, wet leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by thyriothecium	Morenoina fimbriata	a fly speck fungus	Asterinales: Asterinaceae	The genus Morenoina in Britain, Ellis, J.P., 1980	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Asterinales/Asterinaceae/Morenoina fimbriata/	Morenoina fimbriata	a fly speck fungus			thyriothecium	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf				thyriothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by immersed, linearly arranged pseudothecium	Mycosphaerella lineolata	an ascomycete	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Mycosphaerella lineolata/	Mycosphaerella lineolata	an ascomycete	immersed, linearly arranged		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf		Minor		immersed, linearly arranged pseudothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by linearly arranged, blackish, covered then semi-erumpent pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Septoria lineolata	a leaf-spot fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria lineolata/	Septoria lineolata	a leaf-spot fungus	linearly arranged, blackish, covered then semi-erumpent	pycnidium	Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges	?	dead	leaf			(10-3)	linearly arranged, blackish, covered then semi-erumpent pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by thyriothecium	Lichenopeltella alpestris	an ascomycete	Microthyriales: Microthyriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Microthyriales/Microthyriaceae/Lichenopeltella alpestris/	Lichenopeltella alpestris	an ascomycete			thyriothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf			(4-11)	thyriothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by thyriothecium	Lichenopeltella nigroannulata	a fly speck fungus	Microthyriales: Microthyriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Microthyriales/Microthyriaceae/Lichenopeltella nigroannulata/	Lichenopeltella nigroannulata	a fly speck fungus			thyriothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf				thyriothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by immersed pseudothecium	Didymella proximella	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Didymellaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Didymellaceae/Didymella proximella/	Didymella proximella	an ascomycete	immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf			(3-7)	immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by immersed pseudothecium	Paraphaeosphaeria michotii	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Montagnulaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Montagnulaceae/Paraphaeosphaeria michotii/	Paraphaeosphaeria michotii	an ascomycete	immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf			(1-7)	immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by scattered, immersed pseudothecium	Phaeosphaeria caricis	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phaeosphaeriaceae/Phaeosphaeria caricis/	Phaeosphaeria caricis	an ascomycete	scattered, immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf				scattered, immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by scattered, initially immersed pseudothecium	Phaeosphaeria herpotrichoides	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phaeosphaeriaceae/Phaeosphaeria herpotrichoides/	Phaeosphaeria herpotrichoides	an ascomycete	scattered, initially immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf			(spring, summer)	scattered, initially immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by covered pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Stagonospora macropus	a coelomycete	Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phaeosphaeriaceae/Stagonospora macropus/	Stagonospora macropus	a coelomycete	covered	pycnidium	Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf			(1-4)	covered pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Hansfordia dematiaceous anamorph	Hansfordia caricis	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Hansfordia caricis/	Hansfordia caricis	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Hansfordia dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf			(3-7)	effuse colony of Hansfordia dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by sessile apothecium	Mollisia caricina	a discomycete	Helotiales: Dermateaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia caricina/	Mollisia caricina	a discomycete	sessile		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf			(8-12)	sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by very shortly stalked apothecium	Psilachnum asemum	a discomycete	Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Psilachnum asemum/	Psilachnum asemum	a discomycete	very shortly stalked		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf			(7)	very shortly stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by perithecium	Dinemasporium strigosum	a pyrenomycete		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Dinemasporium strigosum/	Dinemasporium strigosum	a pyrenomycete			perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf		Minor	(6-7)	perithecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by superficial conidioma of Dinemasporium coelomycetous anamorph	Dinemasporium strigosum	a pyrenomycete		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Dinemasporium strigosum/	Dinemasporium strigosum	a pyrenomycete	superficial	conidioma	Dinemasporium coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf		Minor	(1-12)	superficial conidioma of Dinemasporium coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf of debris is decayed by fruitbody	Galerina permixta	a toadstool	Agaricales: Cortinariaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Galerina permixta/	Galerina permixta	a toadstool			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf	debris			fruitbody is saprobic on dead leaf of debris
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by fruitbody	Hemimycena delectabilis	a toadstool	Agaricales: Mycenaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Hemimycena delectabilis/	Hemimycena delectabilis	a toadstool			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf		Major		fruitbody is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by basidiome	Cellypha goldbachii	a cyphelloid fungus	Agaricales: Tricholomataceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tricholomataceae/Cellypha goldbachii/	Cellypha goldbachii	a cyphelloid fungus			basidiome	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	leaf				basidiome is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by embedded sorus	Schizonella melanogramma	Rare Spring Sedge Smut	Ustilaginales: Anthracoideaceae	Additions and amendments to the list of British smut fungi, Spooner, B.M. & Legon, N.W., 2006	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Ustilaginales/Anthracoideaceae/Schizonella melanogramma/	Schizonella melanogramma	rare spring sedge smut	embedded		sorus	Foodplant / parasite	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		live	leaf				embedded sorus parasitises live leaf
ovary (live)	live ovary is parasitised by sorus	[Anthracoidea caricis s.l. (sensu E&E)]	a group of smut fungi	Ustilaginales: Anthracoideaceae		/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Ustilaginales/Anthracoideaceae/Anthracoidea caricis s.l. (sensu E&E)/	Anthracoidea caricis s.l. (sensu E&E)	a group of smut fungi			sorus	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		live	ovary				sorus parasitises live ovary
pollen?	pollen? is foodplant of adult	Plateumaris discolor	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Plateumaris discolor/	Plateumaris discolor	a reed beetle			adult	Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			pollen?		Major	(3-)6(-12)	adult feeds on pollen?
pollen	pollen is foodplant of adult	Donacia obscura	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia obscura/	Donacia obscura	a reed beetle			adult	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			pollen			(4-)6(-9)	adult feeds on pollen
pollen	pollen is foodplant of adult	Donacia thalassina	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia thalassina/	Donacia thalassina	a reed beetle			adult	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges	?		pollen			(5)	adult feeds on pollen
rhizome	rhizome may house clustered, in groups of up to 10 cocoon	Donacia clavipes	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia clavipes/	Donacia clavipes	a reed beetle	clustered, in groups of up to 10		cocoon	Plant / resting place / among		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			rhizome		Minor		clustered, in groups of up to 10 cocoon may be found among rhizome
root	root may house larva	Donacia clavipes	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia clavipes/	Donacia clavipes	a reed beetle			larva	Plant / resting place / among		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			root		Minor	(-mid 6)	larva may be found among root
root	root is foodplant of larva	Donacia vulgaris	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia vulgaris/	Donacia vulgaris	a reed beetle			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			root				larva feeds on root
root	root may house cocoon	Plateumaris bracata	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Plateumaris bracata/	Plateumaris bracata	a reed beetle			cocoon	Plant / resting place / among	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			root				cocoon may be found among root
root (submerged)	submerged root may house subaquatic larva	Donacia dentata	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia dentata/	Donacia dentata	a reed beetle	subaquatic		larva	Plant / resting place / among		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		submerged	root				subaquatic larva may be found among submerged root
roots	roots is associate of larva	Donacia cinerea	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia cinerea/	Donacia cinerea	a reed beetle			larva	Plant / associate		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			roots				larva is associated with roots
roots	roots may house subaquatic cocoon	Macroplea appendiculata	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Macroplea appendiculata/	Macroplea appendiculata	a reed beetle	subaquatic		cocoon	Plant / resting place / among		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			roots				subaquatic cocoon may be found among roots
roots (submerged)	submerged roots may house subaquatic cocoon	Donacia dentata	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia dentata/	Donacia dentata	a reed beetle	subaquatic		cocoon	Plant / resting place / among		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		submerged	roots				subaquatic cocoon may be found among submerged roots
sheath (dead)	dead sheath is decayed by thyriothecium	Morenoina fimbriata	a fly speck fungus	Asterinales: Asterinaceae	The genus Morenoina in Britain, Ellis, J.P., 1980	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Asterinales/Asterinaceae/Morenoina fimbriata/	Morenoina fimbriata	a fly speck fungus			thyriothecium	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	sheath				thyriothecium is saprobic on dead sheath
shoot	shoot may contain larva	Tournotaris bimaculata	a weevil	Coleoptera: Erirhinidae	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Erirhinidae/Tournotaris bimaculata/	Tournotaris bimaculata	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / internal feeder	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			shoot				larva feeds within shoot
stem (base) (dead, decayed, sodden)	dead, decayed, sodden stem (base) is decayed by annual, resupinate, drying dark red fruitbody	Physisporinus sanguinolentus	Bleeding Porecrust	Polyporales: Meripilaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Profiles of Fungi No. 29: Rigidoporus ulmarius (Sow.:Fr.) Imazeki, Pegler, D.N., 1990	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meripilaceae/Physisporinus sanguinolentus/	Physisporinus sanguinolentus	bleeding porecrust	annual, resupinate, drying dark red		fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, decayed, sodden	stem (base)		Rare		annual, resupinate, drying dark red fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed, sodden stem (base)
stem	stem is foodplant of	Erirhinus aethiops	a weevil	Coleoptera: Erirhinidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Erirhinidae/Erirhinus aethiops/	Erirhinus aethiops	a weevil				Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			stem				feeds on stem
stem	stem is foodplant of	Notaris scirpi	a weevil	Coleoptera: Erirhinidae	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Erirhinidae/Notaris scirpi/	Notaris scirpi	a weevil				Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			stem				feeds on stem
stem	stem is galled by larva	Planetella granifex	a gall midge	Diptera: Cecidomyiidae	Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Planetella granifex/	Planetella granifex	a gall midge			larva	Foodplant / gall		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges			stem				larva causes gall of stem
stem (dead, rain-soaked)	dead, rain-soaked stem is decayed by extensive, velvety colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Cladosporium cladosporioides	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Capnodiales: Cladosporiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Cladosporiaceae/Cladosporium cladosporioides/	Cladosporium cladosporioides	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	extensive, velvety	colony	Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, rain-soaked	stem		Minor		extensive, velvety colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, rain-soaked stem
stem (dead, rain-soaked)	dead, rain-soaked stem is decayed by extensive, velvety colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Mycosphaerella tassiana	an ascomycete	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Mycosphaerella tassiana/	Mycosphaerella tassiana	an ascomycete	extensive, velvety	colony	Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, rain-soaked	stem		Minor	(1-12)	extensive, velvety colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, rain-soaked stem
stem (dead, very rotting, fallen, locally blackened)	dead, very rotting, fallen, locally blackened stem is decayed by stalked, erumpent apothecium	Rutstroemia lindaviana	a discomycete	Helotiales: Rutstroemiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Rutstroemiaceae/Rutstroemia lindaviana/	Rutstroemia lindaviana	a discomycete	stalked, erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, very rotting, fallen, locally blackened	stem			(5-9)	stalked, erumpent apothecium is saprobic on dead, very rotting, fallen, locally blackened stem
stem (dead, wet)	dead, wet stem is decayed by fruitbody	Mycena bulbosa	Rush Bonnet	Agaricales: Mycenaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Mycena bulbosa/	Mycena bulbosa	rush bonnet			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead, wet	stem		Major		fruitbody is saprobic on dead, wet stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by thyriothecium	Morenoina fimbriata	a fly speck fungus	Asterinales: Asterinaceae	The genus Morenoina in Britain, Ellis, J.P., 1980	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Asterinales/Asterinaceae/Morenoina fimbriata/	Morenoina fimbriata	a fly speck fungus			thyriothecium	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	stem				thyriothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by immersed, linearly arranged pseudothecium	Mycosphaerella lineolata	an ascomycete	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Mycosphaerella lineolata/	Mycosphaerella lineolata	an ascomycete	immersed, linearly arranged		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	stem		Minor		immersed, linearly arranged pseudothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by immersed pseudothecium	Paraphaeosphaeria michotii	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Montagnulaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Montagnulaceae/Paraphaeosphaeria michotii/	Paraphaeosphaeria michotii	an ascomycete	immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	stem			(1-7)	immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by scattered, initially immersed pseudothecium	Phaeosphaeria herpotrichoides	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phaeosphaeriaceae/Phaeosphaeria herpotrichoides/	Phaeosphaeria herpotrichoides	an ascomycete	scattered, initially immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	stem			(spring, summer)	scattered, initially immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by sessile apothecium	Mollisia caricina	a discomycete	Helotiales: Dermateaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia caricina/	Mollisia caricina	a discomycete	sessile		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	stem			(8-12)	sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by perithecium	Dinemasporium strigosum	a pyrenomycete		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Dinemasporium strigosum/	Dinemasporium strigosum	a pyrenomycete			perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	stem		Minor	(6-7)	perithecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by superficial conidioma of Dinemasporium coelomycetous anamorph	Dinemasporium strigosum	a pyrenomycete		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Dinemasporium strigosum/	Dinemasporium strigosum	a pyrenomycete	superficial	conidioma	Dinemasporium coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	stem		Minor	(1-12)	superficial conidioma of Dinemasporium coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by basidiome	Cellypha goldbachii	a cyphelloid fungus	Agaricales: Tricholomataceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tricholomataceae/Cellypha goldbachii/	Cellypha goldbachii	a cyphelloid fungus			basidiome	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Cyperaceae/Carex/	Carex	sedges		dead	stem				basidiome is saprobic on dead stem

Subtaxon	Rank	Featured subtaxa	No of interactions	No of references
Carex acuta Slender Tufted-sedge	Species		15 trophisms
Carex acutiformis Lesser Pond-sedge	Species		73 trophisms
Carex appropinquata Fibrous Tussock-sedge	Species		12 trophisms
Carex aquatilis Water Sedge	Species		3 trophisms
Carex arenaria Sand Sedge	Species		16 trophisms
Carex atrata Black Alpine-sedge	Species		2 trophisms
Carex bigelowii Stiff Sedge	Species		6 trophisms
Carex binervis Green-ribbed Sedge	Species		9 trophisms
Carex buchananii Silver-spiked Sedge	Species			1 references
Carex capillaris Hair Sedge	Species		3 trophisms
Carex caryophyllea Spring Sedge, Spring-sedge	Species		2 trophisms
Carex chordorrhiza String Sedge	Species		3 trophisms
Carex comans New Zealand Hair-sedge	Species			1 references
Carex digitata Fingered Sedge	Species		1 trophisms
Carex dioica Dioecious Sedge	Species		2 trophisms	1 references
Carex disticha Brown Sedge	Species		8 trophisms
Carex divulsa Grey Sedge	Species		2 trophisms
Carex echinata Star Sedge	Species		5 trophisms
Carex elata Tufted Sedge, Tufted-sedge	Species		31 trophisms
Carex elongata Elongated Sedge	Species		1 trophisms
Carex ericetorum Rare Spring-sedge	Species		3 trophisms
Carex extensa Long-bracted Sedge	Species		3 trophisms
Carex flacca Glaucous Sedge	Species		23 trophisms	1 references
Carex flava agg. yellow sedges	Species aggregate		1 trophisms
Carex hirta Hairy Sedge	Species		12 trophisms
Carex hostiana Tawny Sedge	Species		4 trophisms
Carex laevigata Smooth-stalked Sedge	Species		1 trophisms
Carex lasiocarpa Slender Sedge	Species		6 trophisms
Carex leporina Oval Sedge	Species		3 trophisms
Carex limosa Bog-sedge	Species		2 trophisms
Carex maritima Curved Sedge	Species		2 trophisms
Carex muricata agg. a sedge	Species aggregate	1 subtaxa	3 trophisms
Carex nigra Common Sedge	Species		18 trophisms
Carex otrubae False Fox-sedge	Species		11 trophisms
Carex pallescens Pale Sedge	Species		6 trophisms
Carex panicea Carnation Sedge	Species		9 trophisms
Carex paniculata Greater Tussock-sedge	Species		46 trophisms
Carex pendula Pendulous Sedge	Species		40 trophisms
Carex pilulifera Pill Sedge	Species		5 trophisms	2 references
Carex pseudocyperus Cyperus Sedge	Species		19 trophisms
Carex pulicaris Flea Sedge	Species		2 trophisms
Carex remota Remote Sedge	Species		1 trophisms
Carex riparia Great Pond-sedge, Greater Pond-sedge	Species		73 trophisms
Carex rostrata Bottle Sedge	Species		20 trophisms
Carex rupestris Rock Sedge	Species		1 trophisms
Carex salina Salt-marsh Sedge	Species			1 references
Carex saxatilis Russet Sedge	Species		1 trophisms
Carex sylvatica Wood Sedge, Wood-sedge	Species		6 trophisms
Carex trinervis Three-nerved Sedge	Species		1 trophisms
Carex vaginata Sheathed Sedge	Species		1 trophisms	1 references
Carex vesicaria Bladder-sedge	Species		12 trophisms
Carex viridula Yellow Sedge	Species	3 subtaxa	5 trophisms
Carex vulpina True Fox-sedge	Species		5 trophisms

Genus	Carex (sedges)
Family	CYPERACEAE (cotton-grasses, spike-rushes and sedges)
Order	POALES (grasses, sedges & rushes)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Handling & Magnification	Author	Year	Title	Source
	Chater, A.O. & David, R.W.		Carex	Yeo, P.F. Acaena, taxa with spherical heads, Plant Crib 2012
	Jermy A.C., Chater, A.O. & David, R.W.	1982	* Sedges of the British Isles *(Superseded)	BSBI Handbooks, No 1, Second edition, 268pp, Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland (BSBI)
Hampshire
	Rand, M.		Key to Sedges in Hampshire	http://hantsplants.org.uk/articles.php

Author	Year	Title	Source
Cytology
Rotreklová O., Bureš P., Řepka R., Grulich V., Šmarda P., Hralová I., Zedek F. & Koutecký T.	2011	Chromosome numbers of Carex	Preslia Vol 83: 25-28.

Carex L.
(sedges)

Interactions where Carex is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Identification Works

Hampshire

General Works

Cytology

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Benson, R.B., 1952	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b)	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(b), 137pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Benson, R.B., 1958	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c)	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(c), 252pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Bullock, J.A., 1992	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations	11a, 24pp, Amateur Entomologists’ Society
Cox, M.L., 2007	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland	336pp, Pisces Publications
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, J.P., 1980	The genus Morenoina in Britain	TBMS Vol 74 (2): 297-307.
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Morris, M.G., 2002	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5, Part 17b, 149pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976	Thysanoptera	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 1, part 11, 79pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Pegler, D.N., 1990	Profiles of Fungi No. 29: Rigidoporus ulmarius (Sow.:Fr.) Imazeki	Mycologist Vol 04 (3): 146.
Roháček, J., 2009	A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera), Part 2	Cas. Slez. Muz. Opava (A) Vol 58, Supp 1.
Rotheray, G.E., 1993	Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe	Diperists Digest Dipterists Digest No. 9.
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles	Wayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.
Spencer, K.A., 1972	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Spooner, B.M. & Legon, N.W., 2006	Additions and amendments to the list of British smut fungi	Mycologist 20 (3): 90-96.
Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls	95pp, British Plant Gall Society (BPGS)