The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').
Stage | Summary | Taxon | Vernacular | Classification | References | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(live) | live root parasitises live mycelium | [Ectomycorrhizal fungi] | fungi that form ectomycorrhizae | Orchids of Britain & Ireland: a field and site guide, Harrap, A. & S., 2009 |
The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').
Filters:
Author & Year | Title | Source |
---|---|---|
Brodman, J., Twele, R., Francke, W., Hölzler, G., Zhang, Q-H. & Ayasse, M., 2008 | Orchids mimic green-leaf volatiles to attract prey-hunting wasps for pollination | Current Biology Vol 18, Issue 10: 740-744. |
Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. & Moore, D.M., 1985 | Flora of the British Isles | 3 edition, 688pp, Cambridge University Press |
Ehlers, B.K. & Olesen, J.M., 1997 | The fruit-wasp root to toxic nectar in Epipactis orchids? | Flora 192: 223-229. |
Grove, W.B., 1935 | British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia | Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press |
Harrap, A. & S., 2009 | Orchids of Britain & Ireland: a field and site guide | 2nd edition, 480pp, A&C Black Publishers Ltd |
Ogura-Tsujita, Y. & Yukawa, T., 2008 | Epipactis helleborine shows strong mycorrhizal preference towards ectomycorrhizal fungi with contrasting geographic distributions in Japan | Mycorrhiza 18: 331-338. |
NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Epipactis helleborine (Broad-leaved Helleborine) |
Handling & Magnification | Author | Year | Title | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lewis, L. & Spencer, E.J. | 2005 | Epipactis phyllanthes var cambrensis (C.A.Thomas) P.Sell and other unusual Epipactis at Kenfig National Nature Reserve | Watsonia Vol 25 (Part 3): 290-295. |
Epipactis helleborine (Broad-leaved Helleborine) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:
Author | Year | Title | Source |
---|---|---|---|
Brodman, J., Twele, R., Francke, W., Hölzler, G., Zhang, Q-H. & Ayasse, M. | 2008 | Orchids mimic green-leaf volatiles to attract prey-hunting wasps for pollination | Current Biology Vol 18, Issue 10: 740-744. |
Dickson, R.D.B. | 1996 | More achlorophyllose Epipactis in Scotland | BSBI News No. 73: 28-29. |
Ehlers, B.K. & Olesen, J.M. | 1997 | The fruit-wasp root to toxic nectar in Epipactis orchids? | Flora 192: 223-229. |
Mycorrhiza | |||
Ogura-Tsujita, Y. & Yukawa, T. | 2008 | Epipactis helleborine shows strong mycorrhizal preference towards ectomycorrhizal fungi with contrasting geographic distributions in Japan | Mycorrhiza 18: 331-338. |
Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to Epipactis helleborine (Broad-leaved Helleborine):
BioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 21 images of Epipactis helleborine (Broad-leaved Helleborine) |
Pollinated by wasps. The flower produces chemicals identical to those produced by cabbage leaves damaged by Large White Caterpillars, a major wasp prey item. This chemical mimicry is thought to attract the wasps.
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