Thuja (red cedars)

Interactions where Thuja is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part	Summary	Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Season	Summary
	is associate of fruitbody	Melanophyllum haematospermum	Redspored Dapperling	Agaricales: Agaricaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Agaricaceae/Melanophyllum haematospermum/	Melanophyllum haematospermum	redspored dapperling			fruitbody	Plant / associate		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars							fruitbody is associated with
	is associate of fruitbody	Limacella delicata var vinosorubescens	a toadstool	Agaricales: Amanitaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Limacella delicata var. vinosorubescens/	Limacella delicata var. vinosorubescens	a toadstool			fruitbody	Plant / associate		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars					Rare		fruitbody is associated with
	is associate of fruitbody	Geastrum coronatum	Crowned Earthstar	Geastrales: Geastraceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Geastrales/Geastraceae/Geastrum coronatum/	Geastrum coronatum	crowned earthstar			fruitbody	Plant / associate		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars							fruitbody is associated with
(dead)	dead debris is decayed by fruitbody	Hemimycena lactea	Milky Bonnet	Agaricales: Mycenaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Hemimycena lactea/	Hemimycena lactea	milky bonnet			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		dead		debris			fruitbody is saprobic on dead debris
(decayed)	decayed debris is decayed by fruitbody	Hydropus floccipes	a toadstool	Agaricales: Marasmiaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Marasmiaceae/Hydropus floccipes/	Hydropus floccipes	a toadstool			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		decayed		debris	Minor		fruitbody is saprobic on decayed debris
bark	bark of old living tree may have epiphytic resupinate fruitbody	Amylostereum laevigatum	Yew Duster	Russulales: Amylostereaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Amylostereaceae/Amylostereum laevigatum/	Amylostereum laevigatum	yew duster	resupinate		fruitbody	Plant / epiphyte	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars			bark	old living tree			resupinate fruitbody grows on bark of old living tree
bark (dead)	dead bark may have epiphytic resupinate fruitbody	Amylostereum laevigatum	Yew Duster	Russulales: Amylostereaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Amylostereaceae/Amylostereum laevigatum/	Amylostereum laevigatum	yew duster	resupinate		fruitbody	Plant / epiphyte	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		dead	bark				resupinate fruitbody grows on dead bark
bark (live)	live bark has sap sucked by	Parthenolecanium fletcheri	Fletcher Scale	Hemiptera: Coccidae	Fletcher Scale Parthenolecanium fletcheri (Hemiptera: Coccidae), a North American pest of Cypress and Yew in Britain, Malumphy, C., 2011	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Coccidae/Parthenolecanium fletcheri/	Parthenolecanium fletcheri	Fletcher scale				Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		live	bark		Major		sucks sap of live bark
branch (cankered)	cankered branch may be infected and damaged by	Seiridium cardinale	Cypress Canker - causative organism	Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Seiridium cardinale/	Seiridium cardinale	cypress canker (causative organism)				Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		cankered	branch		Minor		infects and damages cankered branch
brash (dead, fallen, decayed)	dead, fallen, decayed brash is decayed by fruitbody	Marasmiellus ramealis	Twig Parachute	Agaricales: Omphalotaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Marasmiellus ramealis/	Marasmiellus ramealis	twig parachute			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		dead, fallen, decayed	brash		Major		fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed brash
cambium	cambium may contain larva	Phloeosinus thujae	a bark or ambrosia beetle	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Phloeosinus thujae/	Phloeosinus thujae	a bark or ambrosia beetle			larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars			cambium				larva feeds within cambium
cone (unripe)	unripe cone has sap sucked by nymph	Cyphostethus tristriatus	Juniper Shieldbug	Hemiptera: Acanthosomatidae	Some foods of Heteroptera larvae in the wild, Hawkins, R.D., 1985	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Acanthosomatidae/Cyphostethus tristriatus/	Cyphostethus tristriatus	juniper shieldbug			nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		unripe	cone				nymph sucks sap of unripe cone
foliage (live, yellowed)	live, yellowed foliage of esp. dwarf is spun by colonial	Oligonychus ununguis	Conifer Spinning Mite, Spruce Spider Mite	Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Tetranychidae/Oligonychus ununguis/	Oligonychus ununguis	conifer spinning mite, spruce spider mite	colonial			Foodplant / spinner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		live, yellowed	foliage	esp. dwarf		(5-7)	colonial spins live, yellowed foliage of esp. dwarf
foliage (live)	live foliage has sap sucked by	Cinara cupressi	Cypress Aphid	Hemiptera: Aphididae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Cinara (Cupressobium) cupressi/	Cinara (Cupressobium) cupressi	cypress aphid				Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		live	foliage			(5-8)	sucks sap of live foliage
foliage (live)	live foliage has sap sucked by	Parthenolecanium fletcheri	Fletcher Scale	Hemiptera: Coccidae	Fletcher Scale Parthenolecanium fletcheri (Hemiptera: Coccidae), a North American pest of Cypress and Yew in Britain, Malumphy, C., 2011	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Coccidae/Parthenolecanium fletcheri/	Parthenolecanium fletcheri	Fletcher scale				Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		live	foliage		Major		sucks sap of live foliage
leaf (esp base)	leaf (esp base) is foodplant of immersed, mostly epiphyllous pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph	Phoma thujana	a coelomycete	Pleosporales	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phoma thujana/	Phoma thujana	a coelomycete	immersed, mostly epiphyllous	pycnidium	Phoma coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars			leaf (esp base)				immersed, mostly epiphyllous pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph feeds on leaf (esp base)
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by apothecium	Chloroscypha seaveri	a discomycete	Helotiales: Helotiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Chloroscypha seaveri/	Chloroscypha seaveri	a discomycete			apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		dead	leaf				apothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
needle (dead, fallen, decaying)	dead, fallen, decaying needle is decayed by fruitbody	Marasmius wynneae	Pearly Parachute	Agaricales: Marasmiaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Marasmiaceae/Marasmius wynneae/	Marasmius wynneae	pearly parachute			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		dead, fallen, decaying	needle		Rare		fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decaying needle
plant (live)	live plant may be infected and damaged by fruitbody	Armillaria gallica	Bulbous Honey Fungus	Agaricales: Physalacriaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Armillaria gallica/	Armillaria gallica	bulbous honey fungus			fruitbody	Foodplant / pathogen	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		live	plant		Minor		fruitbody infects and damages live plant
shoot (live)	live shoot has sap sucked by	Parthenolecanium fletcheri	Fletcher Scale	Hemiptera: Coccidae	Fletcher Scale Parthenolecanium fletcheri (Hemiptera: Coccidae), a North American pest of Cypress and Yew in Britain, Malumphy, C., 2011	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Coccidae/Parthenolecanium fletcheri/	Parthenolecanium fletcheri	Fletcher scale				Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		live	shoot		Major		sucks sap of live shoot
soil	soil of tree is decayed by fruitbody	Lepiota castanea	Chestnut Dapperling	Agaricales: Agaricaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Agaricaceae/Lepiota castanea/	Lepiota castanea	chestnut dapperling			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars			soil	tree	Minor		fruitbody is saprobic on soil of tree
stump (large) (decayed, dead)	decayed, dead stump (large) is decayed by caespitose fruitbody	Kuehneromyces mutabilis	Sheathed Woodtuft, Velvet Tough-shank	Agaricales: Strophariaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Kuehneromyces mutabilis/	Kuehneromyces mutabilis	sheathed woodtuft, velvet tough-shank	caespitose		fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars	?	decayed, dead	stump (large)		Rare		caespitose fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, dead stump (large)
trunk (large) (decayed, dead, fallen)	decayed, dead, fallen trunk (large) is decayed by caespitose fruitbody	Kuehneromyces mutabilis	Sheathed Woodtuft, Velvet Tough-shank	Agaricales: Strophariaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Kuehneromyces mutabilis/	Kuehneromyces mutabilis	sheathed woodtuft, velvet tough-shank	caespitose		fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars	?	decayed, dead, fallen	trunk (large)		Rare		caespitose fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, dead, fallen trunk (large)
trunk (cankered)	cankered trunk may be infected and damaged by	Seiridium cardinale	Cypress Canker - causative organism	Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Seiridium cardinale/	Seiridium cardinale	cypress canker (causative organism)				Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		cankered	trunk		Minor		infects and damages cankered trunk
twig	twig is foodplant of somewhat scattered, subepidermal pycnidium of Macrophoma coelomycetous anamorph	Macrophoma thujana	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Botryosphaeriaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Botryosphaeriaceae/Macrophoma thujana/	Macrophoma thujana	a coelomycete	somewhat scattered, subepidermal	pycnidium	Macrophoma coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars			twig				somewhat scattered, subepidermal pycnidium of Macrophoma coelomycetous anamorph feeds on twig
wood (dead, decayed)	dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody	Serpula himantioides	a resupinate bolete	Boletales: Serpulaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Serpulaceae/Serpula himantioides/	Serpula himantioides	a resupinate bolete			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		dead, decayed	wood		Major		fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed)	dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody	Bjerkandera adusta	Smoky Bracket	Polyporales: Meruliaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Bjerkandera adusta/	Bjerkandera adusta	smoky bracket			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		dead, decayed	wood		Minor		fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead)	dead wood is decayed by fruitbody	Armillaria gallica	Bulbous Honey Fungus	Agaricales: Physalacriaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Armillaria gallica/	Armillaria gallica	bulbous honey fungus			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Cupressaceae/Thuja/	Thuja	red cedars		dead	wood		Minor		fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood

Subtaxon				Rank	Featured subtaxa	No of interactions	No of references
Thuja occidentalis American Arbor-vitae, Northern White-cedar				Species		5 trophisms
Thuja plicata Western Red-cedar				Species		8 trophisms

Genus	Thuja (red cedars)
Family	CUPRESSACEAE (cypresses, junipers, redwoods, and red- and incense cedars)
Order	PINALES (conifers)
Class	PINOPSIDA (conifers)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Thuja L.
(red cedars)

Interactions where Thuja is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Thuja is also a member of:

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants	Collins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
Bullock, J.A., 1992	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations	11a, 24pp, Amateur Entomologists’ Society
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Hawkins, R.D., 1985	Some foods of Heteroptera larvae in the wild	Het News No 6: 3.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Malumphy, C., 2011	Fletcher Scale Parthenolecanium fletcheri (Hemiptera: Coccidae), a North American pest of Cypress and Yew in Britain	Br. J. Ent. Nat. Hist. Vol 24 (4): 211-216, Plate 14.