Rubus L.
(brambles, blackberries and raspberries)

Interactions where Rubus is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
is associate of imago Sterictophora furcata a sawfly Hymenoptera: Argiidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Argiidae/Sterictophora furcata/Sterictophora furcataa sawflyimago Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberries imago is associated with
in open parts of woodland is associate of imago Perineura rubi a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Perineura rubi/Perineura rubia sawflyimago Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesin open parts of woodland imago is associated with in open parts of woodland
has sap sucked by adult UK/Ireland Compsidolon salicellum a plantbug Hemiptera: Miridae Notes on the Recording and Identification of Psallus, Nau, B.S., 1984
Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Miridae/Compsidolon (Coniortodes) salicellum/Compsidolon (Coniortodes) salicelluma plantbugadult Foodplant / sap suckerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberries (7-10)adult sucks sap of
has sap sucked by Macrosiphum funestum an aphid Hemiptera: Aphididae Aphid Predators, Rotheray, G.E., 1989
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Macrosiphum (Macrosiphum) funestum/Macrosiphum (Macrosiphum) funestuman aphid Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberries sucks sap of
is decayed by effuse colony of Coremiella dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Coremiella cubispora a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Coremiella cubispora/Coremiella cubisporaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyCoremiella dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberries (7-10)effuse colony of Coremiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on
is decayed by subiculate pseudothecia Byssolophis sphaerioides an ascomycete Pleosporales: Lophiostomataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Lophiostomataceae/Byssolophis sphaerioides/Byssolophis sphaerioidesan ascomycetesubiculatepseudothecia Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberries subiculate pseudothecia is saprobic on
litter is decayed by colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus/Phaeostalagmus tenuissimusa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyPhaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberrieslitter colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on litter
may be infected and damaged by UK/Ireland Armillaria honey fungi Agaricales: Physalacriaceae Armillaria mellea can infect the perennial weed, Rumex obtusifolius, in the UK, West, J.S., Hughes, C. & Fox, R.T.V., 2000
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Armillaria/Armillariahoney fungi Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberries infects and damages
is parasitised by aecium Rare Phragmidium rubi-idaei Raspberry Rust Pucciniales: Phragmidiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Phragmidiaceae/Phragmidium rubi-idaei/Phragmidium rubi-idaeiraspberry rustaecium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesRare (5-10)aecium parasitises
is parasitised by pycnium Phragmidium rubi-idaei Raspberry Rust Pucciniales: Phragmidiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Phragmidiaceae/Phragmidium rubi-idaei/Phragmidium rubi-idaeiraspberry rustpycnium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberries (5-10)pycnium parasitises
(dead) dead is decayed by colony of Chalara dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Chalara aotearoa a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microascales Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Microascales/Chalara aotearoa/Chalara aotearoaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyChalara dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead colony of Chalara dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead
anther (live) live anther may be infected and damaged by immersed pycnidium of Hapalosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Hapalosphaeria deformans Stamen Blight Of Raspberries and Bramble - causative organism Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Hapalosphaeria deformans/Hapalosphaeria deformansstamen blight of raspberries and bramble (causative organism)immersedpycnidiumHapalosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesliveanther immersed pycnidium of Hapalosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph infects and damages live anther
bark bark is decayed by effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph Camposporium pellucidum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Camposporium pellucidum/Camposporium pelluciduma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyCamposporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesbark effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on bark
bark bark is decayed by effuse colony of Virgaria dematiaceous anamorph Virgaria nigra a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Virgaria nigra/Virgaria nigraa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyVirgaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesbark effuse colony of Virgaria dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on bark
bark (dead) dead bark is decayed by effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph Strossmayeria atriseda a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Strossmayeria atriseda/Strossmayeria atrisedaa discomyceteeffusecolonyPseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbark effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead bark
bark (dead) dead bark is decayed by colony of Menispora dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Menispora ciliata a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Menispora ciliata/Menispora ciliataa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyMenispora dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbark colony of Menispora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead bark
branch (old) (thickly encrusted) thickly encrusted branch (old) has sap sucked by Foreign Pseudaulacaspis pentagona White Peach Scale Hemiptera: Diaspididae CSL Pest Risk Analysis for Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, MacLeod, A., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Diaspididae/Pseudaulacaspis pentagona/Pseudaulacaspis pentagonawhite peach scale Foodplant / sap suckerForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesthickly encrustedbranch (old) sucks sap of thickly encrusted branch (old)
branch wood (dry, hard, decorticate) dry, hard, decorticate branch wood is decayed by superficial pycnidium of Aposphaeria coelomycetous anamorph Melanomma pulvis-pyrius an ascomycete Pleosporales: Melanommataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Melanommataceae/Melanomma pulvis-pyrius/Melanomma pulvis-pyriusan ascomycetesuperficialpycnidiumAposphaeria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdry, hard, decorticatebranch wood (9-5)superficial pycnidium of Aposphaeria coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dry, hard, decorticate branch wood
branch wood (dry, hard, decorticate) dry, hard, decorticate branch wood is decayed by superficial, often in very large clusters pseudothecium Melanomma pulvis-pyrius an ascomycete Pleosporales: Melanommataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Melanommataceae/Melanomma pulvis-pyrius/Melanomma pulvis-pyriusan ascomycetesuperficial, often in very large clusterspseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdry, hard, decorticatebranch wood (9-5)superficial, often in very large clusters pseudothecium is saprobic on dry, hard, decorticate branch wood
branch branch is decayed by subgregarious to densely scattered, covered then erumpent, blackish grey with paler roundish flat disc stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Cytospora populina a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora populina/Cytospora populinaa valsoid pyrenomycetesubgregarious to densely scattered, covered then erumpent, blackish grey with paler roundish flat discstromaCytospora coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesbranch (10-5)subgregarious to densely scattered, covered then erumpent, blackish grey with paler roundish flat disc stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on branch
branch branch is decayed by immersed, grouped in circles perithecium Cytospora populina a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora populina/Cytospora populinaa valsoid pyrenomyceteimmersed, grouped in circlesperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesbranch (10-5)immersed, grouped in circles perithecium is saprobic on branch
branch branch is decayed by erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph Valsa ceratosperma a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Valsa ceratosperma/Valsa ceratospermaa valsoid pyrenomyceteerumpentstromaCytospora coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesbranch (11-3)erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on branch
branch branch is decayed by immersed, in groups of about 10 perithecium Valsa ceratosperma a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Valsa ceratosperma/Valsa ceratospermaa valsoid pyrenomyceteimmersed, in groups of about 10perithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesbranch (11-3)immersed, in groups of about 10 perithecium is saprobic on branch
branch (dead, decorticate) dead, decorticate branch is decayed by hysterothecium Hysterium angustatum a coffee bean fungus Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Hysterium angustatum/Hysterium angustatuma coffee bean fungushysterothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead, decorticatebranch (3-5)hysterothecium is saprobic on dead, decorticate branch
branch (dead, esp. buried under brushwood) dead, esp. buried under brushwood branch is decayed by gregarious, subiculate perithecium Rosellinia aquila a pyrenomycete Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Rosellinia aquila/Rosellinia aquilaa pyrenomycetegregarious, subiculateperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead, esp. buried under brushwoodbranch (2-5)gregarious, subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead, esp. buried under brushwood branch
branch (dead, esp. buried under brushwood) dead, esp. buried under brushwood branch is decayed by colony of Geniculosporium dematiaceous anamorph Rosellinia aquila a pyrenomycete Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Rosellinia aquila/Rosellinia aquilaa pyrenomycetecolonyGeniculosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead, esp. buried under brushwoodbranch (2-5)colony of Geniculosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, esp. buried under brushwood branch
branch (dead, fallen) dead, fallen branch is decayed by stalked apothecium Hymenoscyphus calyculus a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus calyculus/Hymenoscyphus calyculusa discomycetestalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead, fallenbranch (6-12)stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by sporodochium of Cryptocoryneum dematiaceous anamorph Cryptocoryneum rilstonii a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Cryptocoryneum rilstonii/Cryptocoryneum rilstoniia dematiaceous anamorphic fungussporodochiumCryptocoryneum dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch sporodochium of Cryptocoryneum dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Sporidesmiella dematiaceous anamorph Sporidesmiella hyalosperma var hyalosperma a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales: Melanommataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Melanommataceae/Sporidesmiella hyalosperma var. hyalosperma/Sporidesmiella hyalosperma var. hyalospermaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonySporidesmiella dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (2-10)effuse colony of Sporidesmiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by sessile apothecium Mollisia cinerea Common Grey Disco Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia cinerea/Mollisia cinereacommon grey discosessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (1-12)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by sessile apothecium Mollisia melaleuca a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia melaleuca/Mollisia melaleucaa discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (10-5)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by stromatic, deeply sunken apothecium Karstenia rhopaloides a discomycete Rhytismatales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Rhytismatales/Karstenia rhopaloides/Karstenia rhopaloidesa discomycetestromatic, deeply sunkenapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (6-11)stromatic, deeply sunken apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by embedded stroma Karstenia rhopaloides a discomycete Rhytismatales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Rhytismatales/Karstenia rhopaloides/Karstenia rhopaloidesa discomyceteembeddedstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (6-11)embedded stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Phragmocephala dematiaceous anamorph Phragmocephala elliptica a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Phragmocephala elliptica/Phragmocephala ellipticaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyPhragmocephala dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (4-10)effuse colony of Phragmocephala dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by superficial, gregarious perithecium Hilberina caudata a pyrenomycete Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hilberina caudata/Hilberina caudataa pyrenomycetesuperficial, gregariousperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (7-8)superficial, gregarious perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by sometimes effuse Gliocladium anamorph Major Gliocladium roseum an anamorphic fungus Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Hypocreaceae/Gliocladium roseum/Gliocladium roseuman anamorphic fungussometimes effuseGliocladium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranchMajor sometimes effuse Gliocladium anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by superficial stroma Hypocrea splendens a stromatic pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Hypocreaceae/Hypocrea splendens/Hypocrea splendensa stromatic pyrenomycetesuperficialstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (9-10)superficial stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by scattered or on a stroma in groups of 5 to 30 perithecium Neonectria coccinea Beech Bark Disease - causative organism Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Neonectria coccinea/Neonectria coccineabeech bark disease (causative organism)scattered or on a stroma in groups of 5 to 30perithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (9-5)scattered or on a stroma in groups of 5 to 30 perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by Cylindrocarpon anamorph Neonectria coccinea Beech Bark Disease - causative organism Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Neonectria coccinea/Neonectria coccineabeech bark disease (causative organism)Cylindrocarpon anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (9-5)Cylindrocarpon anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by erumpent stroma Neonectria coccinea Beech Bark Disease - causative organism Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Neonectria coccinea/Neonectria coccineabeech bark disease (causative organism)erumpentstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (9-5)erumpent stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by subcortical stroma Eutypella scoparia a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Eutypella scoparia/Eutypella scopariaa stromatic pyrenomycetesubcorticalstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (1-4)subcortical stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by subcortical synnema of Harpographium anamorph Eutypella scoparia a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Eutypella scoparia/Eutypella scopariaa stromatic pyrenomycetesubcorticalsynnemaHarpographium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (1-4)subcortical synnema of Harpographium anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by subcortical, immersed, in clusters of 7-15, erumpent necked perithecium Eutypella scoparia a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Eutypella scoparia/Eutypella scopariaa stromatic pyrenomycetesubcortical, immersed, in clusters of 7-15, erumpent neckedperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch (1-4)subcortical, immersed, in clusters of 7-15, erumpent necked perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph Sporidesmium goidanichii a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sporidesmium goidanichii/Sporidesmium goidanichiia dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonySporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadbranch effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould) fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould branch is decayed by perithecium Chaetosphaeria inaequalis a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria inaequalis/Chaetosphaeria inaequalisa pyrenomyceteperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesfallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mouldbranch (1-12)perithecium is saprobic on fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould branch
branch (fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould) fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould branch is decayed by colony of Gonytrichum dematiaceous anamorph Chaetosphaeria inaequalis a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria inaequalis/Chaetosphaeria inaequalisa pyrenomycetecolonyGonytrichum dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesfallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mouldbranch (1-12)colony of Gonytrichum dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Phaeoisaria dematiaceous anamorph Phaeoisaria clematidis a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Calosphaeriales: Calosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Calosphaeriales/Calosphaeriaceae/Phaeoisaria clematidis/Phaeoisaria clematidisa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyPhaeoisaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesfallen, deadbranch (11-4)effuse colony of Phaeoisaria dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by colony of Catenularia dematiaceous anamorph Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa/Chaetosphaeria myriocarpaa pyrenomycetecolonyCatenularia dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesfallen, deadbranch (1-12)colony of Catenularia dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by perithecium Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa/Chaetosphaeria myriocarpaa pyrenomyceteperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesfallen, deadbranch (1-12)perithecium is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by perithecium Chaetosphaeria preussii a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria preussii/Chaetosphaeria preussiia pyrenomyceteperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesfallen, deadbranch (11-5)perithecium is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by colony of Chloridium dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Chaetosphaeria preussii a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria preussii/Chaetosphaeria preussiia pyrenomycetecolonyChloridium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesfallen, deadbranch (11-5)colony of Chloridium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph Phaeostalagmus cyclosporus a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Phaeostalagmus cyclosporus/Phaeostalagmus cyclosporusa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyPhaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesfallen, deadbranch (1-12)colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen) fallen branch is decayed by clustered, subiculate pseudothecium Minor Herpotrichia macrotricha an ascomycete Pleosporales: Melanommataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Melanommataceae/Herpotrichia macrotricha/Herpotrichia macrotrichaan ascomyceteclustered, subiculatepseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesfallenbranchMinor (10-4)clustered, subiculate pseudothecium is saprobic on fallen branch
branch (fallen) fallen branch is decayed by colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus/Phaeostalagmus tenuissimusa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyPhaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesfallenbranch colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen branch
canes (new) (short, feeble) short, feeble canes (new) may be infected and damaged by [Rubus Stunt phytoplasma] a phytpathogenic phytoplasma Acholeplasmatales: Acholeplasmataceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Firmicutes/Mollicutes/Acholeplasmatales/Acholeplasmataceae/Rubus Stunt phytoplasma/Rubus Stunt phytoplasmaa phytpathogenic phytoplasma Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesshort, feeblecanes (new) infects and damages short, feeble canes (new)
debris debris is decayed by Botrytis cinerea-type dematiaceous anamorph Botrytis cinerea Grey Mould Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Sclerotiniaceae/Botrytis cinerea/Botrytis cinereagrey mouldBotrytis cinerea-type dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdebris Botrytis cinerea-type dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on debris
debris debris is decayed by stalked, sclerotial apothecium Botrytis cinerea Grey Mould Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Sclerotiniaceae/Botrytis cinerea/Botrytis cinereagrey mouldstalked, sclerotialapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdebris stalked, sclerotial apothecium is saprobic on debris
debris debris is decayed by sclerotium Botrytis cinerea Grey Mould Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Sclerotiniaceae/Botrytis cinerea/Botrytis cinereagrey mouldsclerotium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdebris sclerotium is saprobic on debris
flower bud flower bud is galled by larva Major Anthonomus rubi Strawberry Blossom Weevil, Strawberry-blossom Weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Anthonomus rubi/Anthonomus rubistrawberry blossom weevil, strawberry-blossom weevillarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesflower budMajor larva causes gall of flower bud
flower bud flower bud is galled by larva Restricted Contarinia rubicola a gall midge Diptera: Cecidomyiidae Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Contarinia rubicola/Contarinia rubicolaa gall midgelarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesflower budSole larva causes gall of flower bud
flower flower is visited for nectar and/or pollen by imago Trichius fasciatus Bee Beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Trichius fasciatus/Trichius fasciatusbee beetleimago Foodplant / visitor /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesflower imago visits for nectar and/or pollen flower
flower (proliferated, virescent, phyllodic) proliferated, virescent, phyllodic flower may be infected and damaged by UK/Ireland Phytoplasma asteris an aster yellows Acholeplasmatales: Acholeplasmataceae Detection and characterization of phytoplasmas associated with diseases of Rubus spp. in Poland, Cieslinska, M., 2011
The occurrence of two phytoplasmas associated with stunted Rubus species in the UK, Davies, D.L., 2000
 /Firmicutes/Mollicutes/Acholeplasmatales/Acholeplasmataceae/Phytoplasma asteris/Phytoplasma asterisan aster yellows Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesproliferated, virescent, phyllodicflower infects and damages proliferated, virescent, phyllodic flower
flower (proliferated, virescent, phyllodic) proliferated, virescent, phyllodic flower may be infected and damaged by UK/Ireland X disease phytoplasma a phytoplasma Acholeplasmatales: Acholeplasmataceae Detection and characterization of phytoplasmas associated with diseases of Rubus spp. in Poland, Cieslinska, M., 2011
The occurrence of two phytoplasmas associated with stunted Rubus species in the UK, Davies, D.L., 2000
 /Firmicutes/Mollicutes/Acholeplasmatales/Acholeplasmataceae/X disease phytoplasma/X disease phytoplasmaa phytoplasma Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesproliferated, virescent, phyllodicflower infects and damages proliferated, virescent, phyllodic flower
leaf-litter leaf-litter is decayed by apothecium Mollisina acerina a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Mollisina acerina/Mollisina acerinaa discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf-litter apothecium is saprobic on leaf-litter
leaf? leaf? is decayed by sessile apothecium Graddonidiscus coruscatus a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Graddonidiscus coruscatus/Graddonidiscus coruscatusa discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf? (10-12)sessile apothecium is saprobic on leaf?
leaf leaf is galled by Eriophyes gibbosus a gall mite Trombidiformes: Eriophyidae Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Eriophyidae/Eriophyes gibbosus/Eriophyes gibbosusa gall mite Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf causes gall of leaf
leaf leaf is galled by Eriophyes rubicolens a gall mite Trombidiformes: Eriophyidae Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Eriophyidae/Eriophyes rubicolens/Eriophyes rubicolensa gall mite Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf causes gall of leaf
leaf leaf is galled by Eriophyes silvicola a gall mite Trombidiformes: Eriophyidae Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Eriophyidae/Eriophyes silvicola/Eriophyes silvicolaa gall mite Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf causes gall of leaf
leaf leaf is galled by Phyllocoptes gracilis a gall mite Trombidiformes: Eriophyidae Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Eriophyidae/Phyllocoptes gracilis/Phyllocoptes gracilisa gall mite Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf causes gall of leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Batophila aerata Raspberry Flea Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Batophila aerata/Batophila aerataraspberry flea beetlelarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by imago Batophila aerata Raspberry Flea Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Batophila aerata/Batophila aerataraspberry flea beetleimago Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf imago grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Batophila rubi Raspberry Flea Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Batophila rubi/Batophila rubiraspberry flea beetlelarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by imago Batophila rubi Raspberry Flea Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Batophila rubi/Batophila rubiraspberry flea beetleimago Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf imago grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is galled by larva Dasineura plicatrix a gall midge Diptera: Cecidomyiidae Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Dasineura plicatrix/Dasineura plicatrixa gall midgelarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf larva causes gall of leaf
leaf leaf is mined by solitary larva Agromyza idaeiana a leaf-mining fly Diptera: Agromyzidae Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Agromyza idaeiana/Agromyza idaeianaa leaf-mining flysolitarylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf solitary larva mines leaf
leaf leaf is mined by larva Major Agromyza sulfuriceps a leaf-mining fly Diptera: Agromyzidae Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Agromyza sulfuriceps/Agromyza sulfuricepsa leaf-mining flylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleafMajor larva mines leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Arge cyanocrocea Broad-barred Fusehorn Hymenoptera: Argidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Argidae/Arge cyanocrocea/Arge cyanocroceabroad-barred fusehornlarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Allantus calceatus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Allantus calceatus/Allantus calceatusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Allantus rufocinctus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Allantus rufocinctus/Allantus rufocinctusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by epiphyllous larva Caliroa cerasi Pear and Cherry Slug Sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Caliroa cerasi/Caliroa cerasipear and cherry slug sawflyepiphyllouslarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf (6-9)epiphyllous larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Questionable Claremontia alternipes a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Claremontia alternipes/Claremontia alternipesa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberries?leaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Claremontia confusa a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Claremontia confusa/Claremontia confusaa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Pristiphora pallidiventris a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Pristiphora pallidiventris/Pristiphora pallidiventrisa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Priophorus brullei a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Priophorus brullei/Priophorus brulleia sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by nocturnal larva Macrophya montana a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Macrophya montana/Macrophya montanaa sawflynocturnallarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf nocturnal larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous uredium Phragmidium rubi-idaei Raspberry Rust Pucciniales: Phragmidiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Phragmidiaceae/Phragmidium rubi-idaei/Phragmidium rubi-idaeiraspberry rusthypophyllousuredium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf (5-10)hypophyllous uredium parasitises leaf
leaf leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous telium Phragmidium rubi-idaei Raspberry Rust Pucciniales: Phragmidiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Phragmidiaceae/Phragmidium rubi-idaei/Phragmidium rubi-idaeiraspberry rusthypophylloustelium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesleaf (5-10)hypophyllous telium parasitises leaf
leaf (damp, dead, fallen, densely shaded) damp, dead, fallen, densely shaded leaf is decayed by sessile or subsessile apothecium Lachnum misellum a discomycete Helotiales: Lachnaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum misellum/Lachnum miselluma discomycetesessile or subsessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdamp, dead, fallen, densely shadedleaf (9-10)sessile or subsessile apothecium is saprobic on damp, dead, fallen, densely shaded leaf
leaf (dead, fallen) dead, fallen leaf is decayed by erumpent, subsessile apothecium Calycellina populina a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Calycellina populina/Calycellina populinaa discomyceteerumpent, subsessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead, fallenleaf (9-3)erumpent, subsessile apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen) dead, fallen leaf is decayed by apothecium Unguiculella foliicola a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Unguiculella foliicola/Unguiculella foliicolaa discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead, fallenleaf (6-12)apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by thyriothecium Microthyrium ciliatum var hederae a fly speck fungus Microthyriales: Microthyriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Microthyriales/Microthyriaceae/Microthyrium ciliatum var. hederae/Microthyrium ciliatum var. hederaea fly speck fungusthyriothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadleaf (9-5)thyriothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by superficial mycelium Microthyrium ciliatum var hederae a fly speck fungus Microthyriales: Microthyriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Microthyriales/Microthyriaceae/Microthyrium ciliatum var. hederae/Microthyrium ciliatum var. hederaea fly speck fungussuperficialmycelium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadleaf (9-5)superficial mycelium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by stalked apothecium Hyaloscypha fuscostipitata a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Hyaloscypha fuscostipitata/Hyaloscypha fuscostipitataa discomycetestalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadleaf (7-10)stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by stalked, sclerotial apothecium Botrytis cinerea Grey Mould Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Sclerotiniaceae/Botrytis cinerea/Botrytis cinereagrey mouldstalked, sclerotialapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadleaf stalked, sclerotial apothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by Botrytis cinerea-type dematiaceous anamorph Botrytis cinerea Grey Mould Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Sclerotiniaceae/Botrytis cinerea/Botrytis cinereagrey mouldBotrytis cinerea-type dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadleaf Botrytis cinerea-type dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by sclerotium Botrytis cinerea Grey Mould Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Sclerotiniaceae/Botrytis cinerea/Botrytis cinereagrey mouldsclerotium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadleaf sclerotium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph Sporidesmium goidanichii a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sporidesmium goidanichii/Sporidesmium goidanichiia dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonySporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadleaf effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (live, curled) live, curled leaf is galled by solitary, hypophyllous Amphorophora rubi an aphid Hemiptera: Aphididae Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962, Fjelddalen, J., 1964
Aphid Predators, Rotheray, G.E., 1989
Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Amphorophora (Amphorophora) rubi/Amphorophora (Amphorophora) rubian aphidsolitary, hypophyllous Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberrieslive, curledleaf solitary, hypophyllous causes gall of live, curled leaf
leaf (live) live leaf has sap sucked by Macropsis fuscula a leafhopper Hemiptera: Cicadellidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Cicadellidae/Macropsis fuscula/Macropsis fusculaa leafhopper Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesliveleaf sucks sap of live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf has sap sucked by Macropsis scotti a leafhopper Hemiptera: Cicadellidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Cicadellidae/Macropsis scotti/Macropsis scottia leafhopper Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesliveleaf sucks sap of live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf has sap sucked by hypophyllous Aphis ruborum an aphid Hemiptera: Aphididae Aphid Predators, Rotheray, G.E., 1989
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Aphis (Aphis) ruborum/Aphis (Aphis) ruboruman aphidhypophyllous Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesliveleaf hypophyllous sucks sap of live leaf
leaf (live) Minor live leaf has sap sucked by Major Sitobion fragariae Bramble Aphid or Blackberry Aphid Hemiptera: Aphididae Aphid Predators, Rotheray, G.E., 1989
Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Sitobion (Sitobion) fragariae/Sitobion (Sitobion) fragariaebramble aphid or blackberry aphid Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesliveleafMajor sucks sap of live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by amphigenous caespituli of Neoramularia hyphomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Neoramularia rubi an anamorphic fungus Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998
Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Neoramularia rubi/Neoramularia rubian anamorphic fungusamphigenouscaespituliNeoramularia hyphomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesliveleaf amphigenous caespituli of Neoramularia hyphomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may be infected and damaged by Phoma coelomycetous anamorph Didymella applanata Raspberry Spur Blight Pleosporales: Didymellaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Didymellaceae/Didymella applanata/Didymella applanataraspberry spur blightPhoma coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesliveleaf (3-5)Phoma coelomycetous anamorph infects and damages live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may be infected and damaged by immersed pseudothecium Didymella applanata Raspberry Spur Blight Pleosporales: Didymellaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Didymellaceae/Didymella applanata/Didymella applanataraspberry spur blightimmersedpseudothecium Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesliveleaf (3-5)immersed pseudothecium infects and damages live leaf
leaf (rotting) rotting leaf is decayed by apothecium Hymenoscyphus albopunctus a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus albopunctus/Hymenoscyphus albopunctusa discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesrottingleaf (10-11)apothecium is saprobic on rotting leaf
litter litter is decayed by effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph Camposporium cambrense a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Camposporium cambrense/Camposporium cambrensea dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyCamposporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberrieslitter (1-12)effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on litter
litter litter is decayed by effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph Camposporium pellucidum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Camposporium pellucidum/Camposporium pelluciduma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyCamposporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberrieslitter effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on litter
litter litter is decayed by sessile or subsessile apothecium Phaeohelotium epiphyllum a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Phaeohelotium epiphyllum/Phaeohelotium epiphylluma discomycetesessile or subsessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberrieslitter (9-11)sessile or subsessile apothecium is saprobic on litter
plant (stunted) stunted plant may be infected and damaged by UK/Ireland Phytoplasma asteris an aster yellows Acholeplasmatales: Acholeplasmataceae Detection and characterization of phytoplasmas associated with diseases of Rubus spp. in Poland, Cieslinska, M., 2011
The occurrence of two phytoplasmas associated with stunted Rubus species in the UK, Davies, D.L., 2000
 /Firmicutes/Mollicutes/Acholeplasmatales/Acholeplasmataceae/Phytoplasma asteris/Phytoplasma asterisan aster yellows Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesstuntedplant infects and damages stunted plant
plant (stunted) stunted plant may be infected and damaged by UK/Ireland X disease phytoplasma a phytoplasma Acholeplasmatales: Acholeplasmataceae Detection and characterization of phytoplasmas associated with diseases of Rubus spp. in Poland, Cieslinska, M., 2011
The occurrence of two phytoplasmas associated with stunted Rubus species in the UK, Davies, D.L., 2000
 /Firmicutes/Mollicutes/Acholeplasmatales/Acholeplasmataceae/X disease phytoplasma/X disease phytoplasmaa phytoplasma Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesstuntedplant infects and damages stunted plant
root root is galled by Rhizobium radiobacter Crown Gall - causative organism Rhizobiales: Rhizobiaceae Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Proteobacteria/Alphaproteobacteria/Rhizobiales/Rhizobiaceae/Rhizobium radiobacter/Rhizobium radiobactercrown gall (causative organism) Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesroot causes gall of root
shoot tip (live) live shoot tip may contain larva Pegomya rubivora Loganberry Cane Fly Diptera: Anthomyiidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Anthomyiidae/Pegomya rubivora/Pegomya rubivoraloganberry cane flylarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesliveshoot tip larva feeds within live shoot tip
shoot (decaying) decaying shoot may contain larva Neocoenorrhinus germanicus Strawberry Rhynchites Coleoptera: Rhynchitidae Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Rhynchitidae/Neocoenorrhinus germanicus/Neocoenorrhinus germanicusstrawberry rhynchiteslarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdecayingshoot larva feeds within decaying shoot
stem (esp. base) stem (esp. base) is galled by Rhizobium radiobacter Crown Gall - causative organism Rhizobiales: Rhizobiaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Proteobacteria/Alphaproteobacteria/Rhizobiales/Rhizobiaceae/Rhizobium radiobacter/Rhizobium radiobactercrown gall (causative organism) Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesstem (esp. base) causes gall of stem (esp. base)
stem stem is galled by [Rubus Stunt phytoplasma] a phytpathogenic phytoplasma Acholeplasmatales: Acholeplasmataceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Firmicutes/Mollicutes/Acholeplasmatales/Acholeplasmataceae/Rubus Stunt phytoplasma/Rubus Stunt phytoplasmaa phytpathogenic phytoplasma Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesstem causes gall of stem
stem stem is galled by larva UK/Ireland Lasioptera rubi a gall midge Diptera: Cecidomyiidae Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Lasioptera rubi/Lasioptera rubia gall midgelarva Foodplant / gallUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesstem larva causes gall of stem
stem (dead, Chaetosphearia callimorpha-infected) dead, Chaetosphearia callimorpha-infected stem is associate of effuse colony of Veronaea dematiaceous anamorph Veronaea parvispora a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Veronaea parvispora/Veronaea parvisporaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyVeronaea dematiaceous anamorph Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead, Chaetosphearia callimorpha-infectedstem effuse colony of Veronaea dematiaceous anamorph is associated with dead, Chaetosphearia callimorpha-infected stem
stem (dead, decayed) dead, decayed stem is decayed by fruitbody Resinomycena saccharifera a toadstool Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Resinomycena saccharifera/Resinomycena sacchariferaa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead, decayedstem fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed stem
stem (dead, half-buried in moss) dead, half-buried in moss stem is decayed by apothecium UK/Ireland Plectania melastoma Corona Cup Pezizales: Sarcosomataceae Recording discomycetes in Worcestershire, Clark, M.C., 1984
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Pezizomycetes/Pezizales/Sarcosomataceae/Plectania melastoma/Plectania melastomacorona cupapothecium Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead, half-buried in mossstem (1-6,12)apothecium is saprobic on dead, half-buried in moss stem
stem (dead) dead stem may house nest Foreign Heriades rubicola Small-headed Resin Bee Hymenoptera: Megachilidae Small-headed resin bee, Heriades rubicola, new to Britain (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)., Cross, I. & Notton, D.G., 2017
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Megachilidae/Heriades rubicola/Heriades rubicolasmall-headed resin beenest Plant / resting place / withinForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadstem nest may be found in dead stem
stem (decayed, dead) decayed, dead stem is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Crepidotus cesatii Roundspored Oysterling Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Crepidotus cesatii/Crepidotus cesatiiroundspored oysterlingfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdecayed, deadstem fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, dead stem
stem (decaying) decaying stem may contain larva Neocoenorrhinus germanicus Strawberry Rhynchites Coleoptera: Rhynchitidae Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Rhynchitidae/Neocoenorrhinus germanicus/Neocoenorrhinus germanicusstrawberry rhynchiteslarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdecayingstem larva feeds within decaying stem
stem (hollow) hollow stem may house hibernating naked prepupa Allantus calceatus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Allantus calceatus/Allantus calceatusa sawflynakedprepupa Plant / hibernates / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberrieshollowstem naked prepupa hibernates inside hollow stem
stem (live) Major live stem has sap sucked by Major Sitobion fragariae Bramble Aphid or Blackberry Aphid Hemiptera: Aphididae Aphid Predators, Rotheray, G.E., 1989
Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Sitobion (Sitobion) fragariae/Sitobion (Sitobion) fragariaebramble aphid or blackberry aphid Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberrieslivestemMajor sucks sap of live stem
stolon (decaying) decaying stolon may contain larva Neocoenorrhinus germanicus Strawberry Rhynchites Coleoptera: Rhynchitidae Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Rhynchitidae/Neocoenorrhinus germanicus/Neocoenorrhinus germanicusstrawberry rhynchiteslarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdecayingstolon larva feeds within decaying stolon
trunk (dead) dead trunk is decayed by scattered or on a stroma in groups of 5 to 30 perithecium Neonectria coccinea Beech Bark Disease - causative organism Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Neonectria coccinea/Neonectria coccineabeech bark disease (causative organism)scattered or on a stroma in groups of 5 to 30perithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadtrunk (9-5)scattered or on a stroma in groups of 5 to 30 perithecium is saprobic on dead trunk
trunk (dead) dead trunk is decayed by Cylindrocarpon anamorph Neonectria coccinea Beech Bark Disease - causative organism Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Neonectria coccinea/Neonectria coccineabeech bark disease (causative organism)Cylindrocarpon anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadtrunk (9-5)Cylindrocarpon anamorph is saprobic on dead trunk
trunk (dead) dead trunk is decayed by erumpent stroma Neonectria coccinea Beech Bark Disease - causative organism Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Neonectria coccinea/Neonectria coccineabeech bark disease (causative organism)erumpentstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadtrunk (9-5)erumpent stroma is saprobic on dead trunk
trunk (thickly encrusted) thickly encrusted trunk has sap sucked by Foreign Pseudaulacaspis pentagona White Peach Scale Hemiptera: Diaspididae CSL Pest Risk Analysis for Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, MacLeod, A., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Diaspididae/Pseudaulacaspis pentagona/Pseudaulacaspis pentagonawhite peach scale Foodplant / sap suckerForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesthickly encrustedtrunk sucks sap of thickly encrusted trunk
twig twig is decayed by immersed, grouped in circles perithecium Cytospora populina a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora populina/Cytospora populinaa valsoid pyrenomyceteimmersed, grouped in circlesperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriestwig (10-5)immersed, grouped in circles perithecium is saprobic on twig
twig twig is decayed by subgregarious to densely scattered, covered then erumpent, blackish grey with paler roundish flat disc stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Cytospora populina a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora populina/Cytospora populinaa valsoid pyrenomycetesubgregarious to densely scattered, covered then erumpent, blackish grey with paler roundish flat discstromaCytospora coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriestwig (10-5)subgregarious to densely scattered, covered then erumpent, blackish grey with paler roundish flat disc stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on twig
twig (dead, fallen) dead, fallen twig is decayed by stalked apothecium Hymenoscyphus calyculus a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus calyculus/Hymenoscyphus calyculusa discomycetestalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead, fallentwig (6-12)stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen twig
twig (dead) dead twig is decayed by erumpent, clustered, short-stalked apothecium Pezizella vulgaris a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Pezizella vulgaris/Pezizella vulgarisa discomyceteerumpent, clustered, short-stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadtwig (7-12)erumpent, clustered, short-stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead twig
twig (dead) dead twig is decayed by effuse colony of Phragmocephala dematiaceous anamorph Phragmocephala elliptica a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Phragmocephala elliptica/Phragmocephala ellipticaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyPhragmocephala dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadtwig (4-10)effuse colony of Phragmocephala dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead twig
twig (dead) dead twig is decayed by effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph Sporidesmium goidanichii a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sporidesmium goidanichii/Sporidesmium goidanichiia dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonySporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadtwig effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead twig
twig (fallen) fallen twig is decayed by clustered, subiculate pseudothecium Minor Herpotrichia macrotricha an ascomycete Pleosporales: Melanommataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Melanommataceae/Herpotrichia macrotricha/Herpotrichia macrotrichaan ascomyceteclustered, subiculatepseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesfallentwigMinor (10-4)clustered, subiculate pseudothecium is saprobic on fallen twig
twig (hollow) hollow twig may house hibernating naked prepupa Allantus rufocinctus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Allantus rufocinctus/Allantus rufocinctusa sawflynakedprepupa Plant / hibernates / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberrieshollowtwig naked prepupa hibernates inside hollow twig
wood (stem) (dead, dry) dead, dry wood (stem) may contain larva Gracilia minuta Basket Longhorn Beetle Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Identification - Longhorn Beetles: Part 2, Duff, A. (Illust: Lewington, R.), 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Cerambycidae/Gracilia minuta/Gracilia minutabasket longhorn beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead, drywood (stem) larva feeds within dead, dry wood (stem)
wood wood is decayed by immersed, often loosely grouped perithecium Diaporthe eres a pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Diaporthe eres/Diaporthe eresa pyrenomyceteimmersed, often loosely groupedperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberrieswood immersed, often loosely grouped perithecium is saprobic on wood
wood wood is decayed by immersed perithecium Diaporthe rudis a pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Diaporthe rudis/Diaporthe rudisa pyrenomyceteimmersedperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberrieswood immersed perithecium is saprobic on wood
wood wood is decayed by effuse colony of Virgaria dematiaceous anamorph Virgaria nigra a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Virgaria nigra/Virgaria nigraa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyVirgaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberrieswood effuse colony of Virgaria dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on wood
wood (Armillaria mellea-decayed) Armillaria mellea-decayed wood is decayed by superficial perithecium Lasiosphaeria ovina Woolly Woodwart Sordariales: Lasiosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sordariales/Lasiosphaeriaceae/Lasiosphaeria ovina/Lasiosphaeria ovinawoolly woodwartsuperficialperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesArmillaria mellea-decayedwood (9-4)superficial perithecium is saprobic on Armillaria mellea-decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by apothecium Karstenia idaei a discomycete Rhytismatales A new species of Karstenia on Deschampsia caespitosa from North Argyll, Scotland (NBR 163), Wilberforce, P.W., 1999
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Rhytismatales/Karstenia idaei/Karstenia idaeia discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdead, decayedwood apothecium is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph Camposporium pellucidum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Camposporium pellucidum/Camposporium pelluciduma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyCamposporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadwood effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by sessile apothecium Mollisia cinerea Common Grey Disco Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia cinerea/Mollisia cinereacommon grey discosessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadwood (1-12)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by sessile apothecium Mollisia melaleuca a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia melaleuca/Mollisia melaleucaa discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadwood (10-5)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph Strossmayeria atriseda a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Strossmayeria atriseda/Strossmayeria atrisedaa discomyceteeffusecolonyPseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadwood effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by colony of Menispora dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Menispora ciliata a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Menispora ciliata/Menispora ciliataa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyMenispora dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadwood colony of Menispora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by immersed perithecium Diaporthe pardalota a pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Diaporthe pardalota/Diaporthe pardalotaa pyrenomyceteimmersedperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdeadwood (1-8)immersed perithecium is saprobic on dead wood
wood (decorticate) decorticate wood is decayed by usually immersed pseudothecium Lophiostoma compressum an ascomycete Pleosporales: Lophiostomataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Lophiostomataceae/Lophiostoma compressum/Lophiostoma compressuman ascomyceteusually immersedpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesdecorticatewood (10-2)usually immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on decorticate wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Dictyosporium dematiaceous anamorph Dictyosporium toruloides a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Dictyosporium toruloides/Dictyosporium toruloidesa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyDictyosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesrottenwood (1-12)effuse colony of Dictyosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by solitary or in small groups, erumpent bcoming more or less superficial ascocarp Capronia pleiospora an ascomycete Chaetothyriales: Herpotrichiellaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Chaetothyriales/Herpotrichiellaceae/Capronia pleiospora/Capronia pleiosporaan ascomycetesolitary or in small groups, erumpent bcoming more or less superficialascocarp Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Rubus/Rubusbrambles, blackberries and raspberriesrottenwood solitary or in small groups, erumpent bcoming more or less superficial ascocarp is saprobic on rotten wood

Author & YearTitleSource
Benson, R.B., 1951Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(a), 49pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Benson, R.B., 1952Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(b), 137pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Benson, R.B., 1958Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(c), 252pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Braun, U., 1998Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol IIPhytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden PlantsCollins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
Bullock, J.A., 1992Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations11a, 24pp, Amateur Entomologists’ Society
Cieslinska, M., 2011Detection and characterization of phytoplasmas associated with diseases of Rubus spp. in PolandJournal of Plant Pathology Vol 93 (1): 51-56.
Clark, M.C., 1984Recording discomycetes in WorcestershireBull. Br. mycol. Soc. Vol 18 (2): 121-125.
Cross, I. & Notton, D.G., 2017Small-headed resin bee, Heriades rubicola, new to Britain (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae).Br. J. Ent. Nat. Hist. Vol 30: 1-8.
Davies, D.L., 2000The occurrence of two phytoplasmas associated with stunted Rubus species in the UKPlant Pathology Vol 49: 86-88.
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995Fungi of the South East England383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Duff, A. (Illust: Lewington, R.), 2007Identification - Longhorn Beetles: Part 2British Wildlife Vol 19, No 1: 35-43.
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Fjelddalen, J., 1964Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962Norsk. Ent. Tidskr. 12: 259-295.
Grove, W.B., 1935British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidiaVol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Jessop, L., 1986Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5, Part 11, New edition, 53pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
MacLeod, A., 2007CSL Pest Risk Analysis for Pseudaulacaspis pentagonaPRAs for consultation on pest risk management PRAs for consultation on pest risk management.
Morris, M.G., 1990Orthocerous WeevilsHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5 Part 16, 108pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Nau, B.S., 1984Notes on the Recording and Identification of PsallusHet News 4.
Rotheray, G.E., 1989Aphid PredatorsNaturalists' Handbooks, 11, 77pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Rotheray, G.E., 1993Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and EuropeDiperists Digest Dipterists Digest No. 9.
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959Land and Water Bugs of the British IslesWayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.
Spencer, K.A., 1972Diptera: AgromyzidaeHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls95pp, British Plant Gall Society (BPGS)
West, J.S., Hughes, C. & Fox, R.T.V., 2000Armillaria mellea can infect the perennial weed, Rumex obtusifolius, in the UKNew Disease Reports Vol 1.
Wilberforce, P.W., 1999A new species of Karstenia on Deschampsia caespitosa from North Argyll, Scotland (NBR 163)Mycologist Vol 13 (04): 149-150.

Rubus (brambles, blackberries and raspberries) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Subtaxon Rank Featured
subtaxa		 No of
interactions		 No of
references
Rubus arcticus
Arctic Bramble
Species 1 trophisms
Rubus armeniacus
Giant Blackberry
Microspecies 1 trophisms
Rubus caesius
Dewberry
Species 14 trophisms
Rubus canadensis
Thornless Blackberry
Microspecies 1 trophisms
Rubus cantabrigiensis
a bramble
Species 1 references
Rubus chamaemorus
Cloudberry
Species 1 trophisms 1 references
Rubus cissburiensis
a bramble
Microspecies 1 trophisms
Rubus fruticosus agg.
brambles, blackberries
Species aggregate 1 subtaxa 189 trophisms 1 references
Rubus idaeus
Raspberry
Species 95 trophisms
Rubus idaeus x vitifolius
loganberry
Species hybrid 28 trophisms
Rubus laciniatus
Cut-leaf Bramble, Parsley-leaved Blackberry, Parsley-leaved Bramble
Microspecies 8 trophisms
Rubus nemorosus
a bramble
Microspecies 1 trophisms
Rubus parviflorus
Thimbleberry
Species 1 trophisms
Rubus plicatus
Plaited-leaved Bramble
Microspecies 1 trophisms
Rubus saxatilis
Stone Bramble
Species 4 trophisms 1 references
Rubus spectabilis
Salmonberry
Species 1 trophisms
Rubus sulcatus
a bramble
Microspecies 1 trophisms
Rubus tuberculatus
a bramble
Microspecies 1 trophisms
Rubus ulmifolius
a bramble
Microspecies 1 trophisms
Rubus ursinus
Boysenberry
Species 1 trophisms
Taxonomic hierarchy:
GenusRubus (brambles, blackberries and raspberries)
FamilyROSACEAE (roses and fruit trees)
OrderROSALES (roses, elms, nettles, hops, buckthorns and figs)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Rubus (brambles, blackberries and raspberries)

Identification Works

Handling & MagnificationAuthorYearTitleSource
Edees, E.S. & Newton, A. 1988 *** Brambles of the British Isles ***(Superseded) Vol 158, The Ray Society, London
() Watson, W.C.R. 1958 *** Handbook of the Rubi of Great Britain and Ireland ***(Superseded) 274pp, Cambridge University Press

Rubus (brambles, blackberries and raspberries) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

General Works

AuthorYearTitleSource
Watson, W.C.R. An introduction to the study of Rubus Warburg, E.F. Cytology and critical groups, 6pp, British Flowering Plants and Modern Systematic Methods

Pathology

Davies, D.L. 2000 The occurrence of two phytoplasmas associated with stunted Rubus species in the UK Plant Pathology Vol 49: 86-88.

Plant Pathology

Cieslinska, M. 2011 Detection and characterization of phytoplasmas associated with diseases of Rubus spp. in Poland Journal of Plant Pathology Vol 93 (1): 51-56.

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to Rubus (brambles, blackberries and raspberries):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 52 images of Rubus (brambles, blackberries and raspberries)
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