Hydropisphaera arenula (Berk. & Broome) Rossman & Samuels
(a pyrenomycete)

Interactions where Hydropisphaera arenula is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
perithecium (superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate)		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead stem			Foeniculum vulgare	Fennel	Apiales: Apiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Bionectriaceae/Hydropisphaera arenula/	Hydropisphaera arenula	a pyrenomycete		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Foeniculum vulgare/	Foeniculum vulgare	fennel		dead	stem				(1-12)
perithecium (superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate)		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead stem			Artemisia vulgaris	Mugwort	Asterales: Asteraceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Bionectriaceae/Hydropisphaera arenula/	Hydropisphaera arenula	a pyrenomycete		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Artemisia vulgaris/	Artemisia vulgaris	mugwort		dead	stem				(1-12)
perithecium (superficial, scattered or in small groups, thinly subiculate)		superficial, scattered or in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead stem			Cirsium arvense	Creeping Thistle	Asterales: Asteraceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Bionectriaceae/Hydropisphaera arenula/	Hydropisphaera arenula	a pyrenomycete		superficial, scattered or in small groups, thinly subiculate		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Cirsium arvense/	Cirsium arvense	creeping thistle		dead	stem				(1-12)
perithecium (superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate)		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead stem			Armoracia rusticana	Horse Radish, Horse-radish	Brassicales: Brassicaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Bionectriaceae/Hydropisphaera arenula/	Hydropisphaera arenula	a pyrenomycete		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Brassicales/Brassicaceae/Armoracia rusticana/	Armoracia rusticana	horse radish, horse-radish		dead	stem				(1-12)
perithecium (superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate)		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead stem			Galium aparine	Cleavers, Goosegrass	Gentianales: Rubiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Bionectriaceae/Hydropisphaera arenula/	Hydropisphaera arenula	a pyrenomycete		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium aparine/	Galium aparine	cleavers, goosegrass		dead	stem				(1-12)
perithecium (superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate)		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead stem			Filipendula	meadowsweets	Rosales: Rosaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Bionectriaceae/Hydropisphaera arenula/	Hydropisphaera arenula	a pyrenomycete		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Filipendula/	Filipendula	meadowsweets		dead	stem				(1-12)
perithecium (superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate)		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead stem			Urtica dioica	Common Nettle	Rosales: Urticaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Bionectriaceae/Hydropisphaera arenula/	Hydropisphaera arenula	a pyrenomycete		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Urticaceae/Urtica dioica/	Urtica dioica	common nettle		dead	stem				(1-12)
perithecium (superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate)		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead stem			[Herbaceous Plants]	herbaceous plants		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Bionectriaceae/Hydropisphaera arenula/	Hydropisphaera arenula	a pyrenomycete		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Herbaceous Plants/	Herbaceous Plants	herbaceous plants		dead	stem				(1-12)
perithecium (superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate)		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead culm			POACEAE	grasses, couch	Poales	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Bionectriaceae/Hydropisphaera arenula/	Hydropisphaera arenula	a pyrenomycete		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/	Poaceae	grasses, couch		dead	culm				(1-12)
perithecium (superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate)		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead stem			Equisetum	horsetails	Equisetales: Equisetaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Bionectriaceae/Hydropisphaera arenula/	Hydropisphaera arenula	a pyrenomycete		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/	Equisetum	horsetails		dead	stem				(1-12)
perithecium (superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate)		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead stem			Equisetum hyemale	Rough Horsetail	Equisetales: Equisetaceae	A new species of Ijuhya on Equisetum hyemale and its Acremonium anamorph, with notes on Hydropisphaera arenula, Lechat, C. & Baral, H.-O., 2008	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Bionectriaceae/Hydropisphaera arenula/	Hydropisphaera arenula	a pyrenomycete		superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe		Foreign	/Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum hyemale/	Equisetum hyemale	rough horsetail		dead	stem				(10-1)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Lechat, C. & Baral, H.-O., 2008	A new species of Ijuhya on Equisetum hyemale and its Acremonium anamorph, with notes on Hydropisphaera arenula	Österr. Z. Pilzk. Vol 17: 15-24.

Hydropisphaera arenula (a pyrenomycete) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Hydropisphaera arenula (a pyrenomycete) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Pyrenomycetes
(charcoal fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Hydropisphaera arenula (a pyrenomycete)
Genus	Hydropisphaera (a genus of pyrenomycetes)
Family	BIONECTRIACEAE (a family of prenomycetes and lichens)
Order	HYPOCREALES (an order of ascomycetes and lichens)
Subclass	SORDARIOMYCETIDAE (a subclass of ascomycetes and lichens)
Class	SORDARIOMYCETES (a class of ascomycetes)
Subphylum	PEZIZOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of ascomycetes)
Phylum	ASCOMYCOTA (spore shooters, ascomycete)
Kingdom	FUNGI (true fungi)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Hydropisphaera arenula is also a member of:
Pyrenomycetes - charcoal fungi (via Sordariomycetes)
Micromycetes - microfungi (via Ascomycota)
Fungi s.l. - fungi (in the broad sense) (via Fungi)
Lower Plants - lower plants (via Fungi s.l.)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Hydropisphaera arenula (a pyrenomycete)

Identification Works

Handling & Magnification	Author	Year	Title	Source
	Lechat, C. & Baral, H.-O.	2008	A new species of Ijuhya on Equisetum hyemale and its Acremonium anamorph, with notes on Hydropisphaera arenula	Österr. Z. Pilzk. Vol 17: 15-24.

Hydropisphaera arenula (a pyrenomycete) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

BIONECTRIACEAE
(a family of prenomycetes and lichens)

HYPOCREALES
(an order of ascomycetes and lichens)

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Pyrenomycetes
(charcoal fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Hydropisphaera arenula (a pyrenomycete):

BIONECTRIACEAE
(a family of prenomycetes and lichens)

HYPOCREALES
(an order of ascomycetes and lichens)

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Pyrenomycetes
(charcoal fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

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