Quercus ilex (holm oak, evergreen oak)

Interactions where Quercus ilex is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part	Summary	Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season	Summary
	is parasitised by	Erysiphe alphitoides	Oak Mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe alphitoides/	Erysiphe alphitoides	oak mildew				Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak						parasitises
	is associate of fruitbody	Geastrum floriforme	Daisy Earthstar	Geastrales: Geastraceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Geastrales/Geastraceae/Geastrum floriforme/	Geastrum floriforme	daisy earthstar			fruitbody	Plant / associate			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak						fruitbody is associated with
(dead)	dead is decayed by acervulus of Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Pestalotiopsis montellica	a coelomycete	Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Pestalotiopsis montellica/	Pestalotiopsis montellica	a coelomycete		acervulus	Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead					acervulus of Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead
(live)	live has sap sucked by	Hoplocallis picta	an aphid	Hemiptera: Aphididae	Prociphilus fraxinifolii (Hempitera: Aphididae) a species new to Britain, Baker, E.A. & Martin, J.H., 2011	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Hoplocallis picta/	Hoplocallis picta	an aphid				Foodplant / sap sucker		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live					sucks sap of live
acorn (fallen)	fallen acorn is decayed by linearly arranged pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Phomopsis glandicola	a coelomycete	Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis glandicola/	Phomopsis glandicola	a coelomycete	linearly arranged	pycnidium	Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	fallen	acorn				linearly arranged pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on fallen acorn
bark	bark is parasitised by embedded, stromatic perithecium	Cryphonectria parasitica	Chestnut Blight - causative organism	Diaporthales: Cryphonectriaceae	Sweet chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica), Forestry Commission Chestnut Blight (Cryphonectria parasitica), Anon, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Cryphonectriaceae/Cryphonectria parasitica/	Cryphonectria parasitica	chestnut blight (causative organism)	embedded, stromatic		perithecium	Foodplant / parasite		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak		bark	Rare			embedded, stromatic perithecium parasitises bark
bark	bark is parasitised by embedded, stromatic cryphonectria coelomycetous anamorph	Cryphonectria parasitica	Chestnut Blight - causative organism	Diaporthales: Cryphonectriaceae	Sweet chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica), Forestry Commission Chestnut Blight (Cryphonectria parasitica), Anon, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Cryphonectriaceae/Cryphonectria parasitica/	Cryphonectria parasitica	chestnut blight (causative organism)	embedded, stromatic		cryphonectria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak		bark	Rare			embedded, stromatic cryphonectria coelomycetous anamorph parasitises bark
catkin (live)	live catkin is galled by sexual female	Plagiotrochus quercusilicis	a gall wasp	Hymenoptera: Cynipidae	British Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Shirley, P., 2011	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Cynipidae/Plagiotrochus quercusilicis/	Plagiotrochus quercusilicis	a gall wasp			sexual female	Foodplant / gall		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	catkin	Sole			sexual female causes gall of live catkin
cupule	cupule is decayed by transversely elongate or oblong, immersed, then erumpent, imperfectly multiloculate stroma of Fusicoccum coelomycetous anamorph	Fusicoccum quercinum	a stromatic coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Botryosphaeriaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Botryosphaeriaceae/Fusicoccum quercinum/	Fusicoccum quercinum	a stromatic coelomycete	transversely elongate or oblong, immersed, then erumpent, imperfectly multiloculate	stroma	Fusicoccum coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak		cupule			(4-5)	transversely elongate or oblong, immersed, then erumpent, imperfectly multiloculate stroma of Fusicoccum coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on cupule
flower (live)	live flower is grazed by adult	Clytra laeviuscula	a leaf beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Clytra laeviuscula/	Clytra laeviuscula	a leaf beetle			adult	Foodplant / open feeder		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	flower			(5-8)	adult grazes on live flower
leaf (margin) (live)	live leaf (margin) is grazed by adult	Clytra laeviuscula	a leaf beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Clytra laeviuscula/	Clytra laeviuscula	a leaf beetle			adult	Foodplant / open feeder		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	leaf (margin)			(5-8)	adult grazes on live leaf (margin)
leaf (petiole) (dead, fallen, sometimes locally blackened)	dead, fallen, sometimes locally blackened leaf (petiole) is decayed by stalked apothecium	Lanzia coracina	a discomycete	Helotiales: Rutstroemiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Rutstroemiaceae/Lanzia coracina/	Lanzia coracina	a discomycete	stalked		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen, sometimes locally blackened	leaf (petiole)			(3)	stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen, sometimes locally blackened leaf (petiole)
leaf (sucker shoot) (live)	live leaf (sucker shoot) is parasitised by hypophyllous uredium	Cronartium quercuum	Oak Rust	Pucciniales: Cronartiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 The Rust Fungi of the British Isles: A Guide to Identification by their Host Plants, Henderson, D.M., 2004 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Cronartiaceae/Cronartium quercuum/	Cronartium quercuum	oak rust	hypophyllous		uredium	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	leaf (sucker shoot)				hypophyllous uredium parasitises live leaf (sucker shoot)
leaf (vein) (dead, fallen, sometimes locally)	dead, fallen, sometimes locally leaf (vein) is decayed by stalked apothecium	Lanzia coracina	a discomycete	Helotiales: Rutstroemiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Rutstroemiaceae/Lanzia coracina/	Lanzia coracina	a discomycete	stalked		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen, sometimes locally	leaf (vein)			(3)	stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen, sometimes locally leaf (vein)
leaf	leaf may be infected and damaged by mycelium	Phytophthora alni	Sudden Oak Death - causative organism, SOD, Phytophthora Disease Of Alder	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	Phytophthora ramorum: one pathogen and many diseases, an emerging threat to forest ecosystems and ornamental plant life, Appiah, A., Jennings, P., & Turner, J.A., 2004 Phytophthora ramorum, the cause of sudden oak death or ramorum leaf blight and dieback, Henricot, B. & Prior, C., 2004	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Phytophthora alni/	Phytophthora alni	sudden oak death (causative organism), SOD, phytophthora disease of alder			mycelium	Foodplant / pathogen		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak		leaf				mycelium infects and damages leaf
leaf	leaf is spotted by hypophyllous, scattered, blackish olive-green pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph	Ascochyta quercus-ilicis	a coelomycete	Pleosporales	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Ascochyta quercus-ilicis/	Ascochyta quercus-ilicis	a coelomycete	hypophyllous, scattered, blackish olive-green	pycnidium	Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak		leaf				hypophyllous, scattered, blackish olive-green pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on leaf
leaf (dead, fallen, decayed)	dead, fallen, decayed leaf is decayed by fruitbody	Gymnopus quercophilus	Oak Toughshank	Agaricales: Omphalotaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Gymnopus quercophilus/	Gymnopus quercophilus	oak toughshank			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen, decayed	leaf	Minor			fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf
leaf (dead, fallen, locally bleached)	dead, fallen, locally bleached leaf is decayed by subcuticular, opening by slit apothecium	Hypoderma ilicinum	a discomycete	Rhytismatales: Rhytismataceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Rhytismatales/Rhytismataceae/Hypoderma ilicinum/	Hypoderma ilicinum	a discomycete	subcuticular, opening by slit		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen, locally bleached	leaf			(9-11)	subcuticular, opening by slit apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen, locally bleached leaf
leaf (dead, fallen, rotting, greyed)	dead, fallen, rotting, greyed leaf is decayed by amphigenous thyriothecium	Microthyrium ilicinum	a fly speck fungus	Microthyriales: Microthyriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Microthyriales/Microthyriaceae/Microthyrium ilicinum/	Microthyrium ilicinum	a fly speck fungus	amphigenous		thyriothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen, rotting, greyed	leaf	Major		(4-10)	amphigenous thyriothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen, rotting, greyed leaf
leaf (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Beltrania dematiaceous anamorph	Beltrania querna	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Beltrania querna/	Beltrania querna	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Beltrania dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen	leaf				effuse colony of Beltrania dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen leaf is decayed by Beltrania dematiaceous anamorph	Beltrania rhombica	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Beltrania rhombica/	Beltrania rhombica	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus			Beltrania dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen	leaf				Beltrania dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen leaf is decayed by mostly hypophyllous conidioma of Leptothyrium coelomycetous anamorph	Leptothyrium ilicinum	a coelomycete	Pleosporales	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Leptothyrium ilicinum/	Leptothyrium ilicinum	a coelomycete	mostly hypophyllous	conidioma	Leptothyrium coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen	leaf			(2-3)	mostly hypophyllous conidioma of Leptothyrium coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen leaf is decayed by hypophyllous, superficial ascoma	Epibelonium gaeumannii	an ascomycete	Saccardiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Saccardiaceae/Epibelonium gaeumannii/	Epibelonium gaeumannii	an ascomycete	hypophyllous, superficial		ascoma	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen	leaf			(3)	hypophyllous, superficial ascoma is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen leaf is decayed by hypophyllous apothecium	Niptera muelleri-argoviensis	a discomycete	Helotiales: Dermateaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Niptera muelleri-argoviensis/	Niptera muelleri-argoviensis	a discomycete	hypophyllous		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen	leaf	Major		(8-10)	hypophyllous apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen leaf is decayed by stalked apothecium	Lachnum fuscescens var fuscescens	a discomycete	Helotiales: Lachnaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum fuscescens var. fuscescens/	Lachnum fuscescens var. fuscescens	a discomycete	stalked		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen	leaf			(9-6)	stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Parapleurotheciopsis dematiaceous anamorph	Parapleurotheciopsis ilicina	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Parapleurotheciopsis ilicina/	Parapleurotheciopsis ilicina	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Parapleurotheciopsis dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen	leaf			(4-10)	effuse colony of Parapleurotheciopsis dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Polyscytalum dematiaceous anamorph	Polyscytalum truncatum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Polyscytalum truncatum/	Polyscytalum truncatum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Polyscytalum dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen	leaf			(9-11)	effuse colony of Polyscytalum dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen leaf is decayed by immersed, becoming erumpent perithecium	Melanospora longisetosa	an ascomycete	Melanosporales: Ceratostomataceae	Melanospora pegleri, a new species from fallen Laurus and other leaves in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., Henrici, A. & Kirk, P.M., 1999	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Melanosporales/Ceratostomataceae/Melanospora longisetosa/	Melanospora longisetosa	an ascomycete	immersed, becoming erumpent		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen	leaf		Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally induced		immersed, becoming erumpent perithecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen leaf is decayed by discrete or effuse colony of Subramaniomyces dematiaceous anamorph	Subramaniomyces fusisaprophyticus	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Xylariales	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Subramaniomyces fusisaprophyticus/	Subramaniomyces fusisaprophyticus	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	discrete or effuse	colony	Subramaniomyces dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen	leaf			(8)	discrete or effuse colony of Subramaniomyces dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Subulispora dematiaceous anamorph	Subulispora britannica	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Subulispora britannica/	Subulispora britannica	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Subulispora dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, fallen	leaf				effuse colony of Subulispora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by immersed, numerous, gregarious pycnidium of Coleophoma coelomycetous anamorph	Coleophoma cylindrospora	a coelomycete		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Coleophoma cylindrospora/	Coleophoma cylindrospora	a coelomycete	immersed, numerous, gregarious	pycnidium	Coleophoma coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead	leaf			(4-5)	immersed, numerous, gregarious pycnidium of Coleophoma coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (fallen, dead, decaying)	fallen, dead, decaying leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Diplocladiella dematiaceous anamorph	Diplocladiella scalaroides	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Diplocladiella scalaroides/	Diplocladiella scalaroides	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Diplocladiella dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	fallen, dead, decaying	leaf				effuse colony of Diplocladiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead, decaying leaf
leaf (fallen, dead, decaying)	fallen, dead, decaying leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Cylindrium anamorph	Cylindrium elongatum	an anamorphic fungus	Hypocreales: Nectriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Cylindrium elongatum/	Cylindrium elongatum	an anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Cylindrium anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	fallen, dead, decaying	leaf	Major		(7-4)	effuse colony of Cylindrium anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead, decaying leaf
leaf (fallen, dead)	fallen, dead leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Henicospora dematiaceous anamorph	Henicospora minor	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Henicospora minor/	Henicospora minor	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Henicospora dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	fallen, dead	leaf			(9-11)	effuse colony of Henicospora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead leaf
leaf (fallen, dead)	fallen, dead leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Dictyochaeta dematiaceous anamorph	Dictyochaeta simplex	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Dictyochaeta simplex/	Dictyochaeta simplex	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Dictyochaeta dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	fallen, dead	leaf			(4-6)	effuse colony of Dictyochaeta dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead leaf
leaf (fallen, dead)	fallen, dead leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Chalara dematiaceous anamorph	Chalara hughesii	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Microascales	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Microascales/Chalara hughesii/	Chalara hughesii	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Chalara dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	fallen, dead	leaf				effuse colony of Chalara dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead leaf
leaf (live, blistered)	live, blistered leaf is spotted by hypophyllous ascoma	Taphrina caerulescens	a tongue fungus	Taphrinales: Taphrinaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 A Taphrina species on Quercus ilex in Britain, Spooner, B., 2007	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Taphrinomycetes/Taphrinales/Taphrinaceae/Taphrina caerulescens/	Taphrina caerulescens	a tongue fungus	hypophyllous		ascoma	Foodplant / spot causer			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live, blistered	leaf				hypophyllous ascoma causes spots on live, blistered leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is galled by hypophyllous erineum	Aceria ilicis	a gall mite	Trombidiformes: Eriophyidae	Galls on Holm Oak (Quercus ilex), Maidenhead, Redfern, M., 2008	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Eriophyidae/Aceria ilicis/	Aceria ilicis	a gall mite	hypophyllous	erineum		Foodplant / gall		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	leaf				hypophyllous erineum causes gall of live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is galled by hypophyllous erineum	Aculops coutierei	a gall mite	Trombidiformes: Eriophyidae	Galls on Holm Oak (Quercus ilex), Maidenhead, Redfern, M., 2008	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Eriophyidae/Aculops coutierei/	Aculops coutierei	a gall mite	hypophyllous	erineum		Foodplant / gall		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	leaf				hypophyllous erineum causes gall of live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is galled by sexual female	Plagiotrochus quercusilicis	a gall wasp	Hymenoptera: Cynipidae	British Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Shirley, P., 2011	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Cynipidae/Plagiotrochus quercusilicis/	Plagiotrochus quercusilicis	a gall wasp			sexual female	Foodplant / gall		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	leaf	Sole			sexual female causes gall of live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by acervulus of Sphaceloma anamorph	Elsinoe quercus-ilicis	an ascomycete	Myriangiales: Elsinoaceae	Elsinoe quercus-ilicis - a leaf disease of Quercus ilex new to Britain, Spooner, B.M., 2009	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Myriangiales/Elsinoaceae/Elsinoe quercus-ilicis/	Elsinoe quercus-ilicis	an ascomycete		acervulus	Sphaceloma anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	leaf				acervulus of Sphaceloma anamorph causes spots on live leaf
peduncle (fallen, dead, decaying)	fallen, dead, decaying peduncle is decayed by effuse colony of Diplocladiella dematiaceous anamorph	Diplocladiella scalaroides	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Diplocladiella scalaroides/	Diplocladiella scalaroides	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Diplocladiella dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	fallen, dead, decaying	peduncle				effuse colony of Diplocladiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead, decaying peduncle
root	root may be infected and damaged by	Phytophthora cinnamomi	a blight (a cause of Ink Disease)	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	Phytophthora Pathogens of Trees: Their Rising Profile in Europe, Brasier, C., 1999	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Phytophthora cinnamomi/	Phytophthora cinnamomi	a blight (a cause of Ink Disease)				Foodplant / pathogen		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak		root				infects and damages root
root	root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody	Lactarius decipiens	a milkcap	Russulales: Russulaceae	Notes and Records (Jan 2012), Henrici, A., 2012	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius decipiens/	Lactarius decipiens	a milkcap			fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza	Relationship uncertain	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak		root				fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with root
root (live)	live root is mycorrhizal host of fruitbody	Elaphomyces leucosporus	a false truffle	Eurotiales: Elaphomycetaceae	British Hypogeous Fungi, Hawker, L.E., 1954	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Eurotiales/Elaphomycetaceae/Elaphomyces leucosporus/	Elaphomyces leucosporus	a false truffle			fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	root				fruitbody is mycorrhizal with live root
root (live)	live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody	Amanita ovoidea	Bearded Amanita	Agaricales: Amanitaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita ovoidea/	Amanita ovoidea	bearded amanita			fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza	Relationship uncertain	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	root				fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live)	live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody	Russula inamoena	a russula	Russulales: Russulaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula inamoena/	Russula inamoena	a russula			fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza	Relationship uncertain	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	root				fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live)	live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody	Russula insignis	a brittlegill	Russulales: Russulaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula insignis/	Russula insignis	a brittlegill			fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza	Relationship uncertain		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	root				fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live)	live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody	Russula pseudoimpolita	a brittlegill	Russulales: Russulaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula pseudoimpolita/	Russula pseudoimpolita	a brittlegill			fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza	Relationship uncertain	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	root				fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live)	live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody	Russula stenotricha	a brittlegill	Russulales: Russulaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula stenotricha/	Russula stenotricha	a brittlegill			fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza	Relationship uncertain	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	root				fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
shoot	shoot may be infected and damaged by mycelium	Phytophthora alni	Sudden Oak Death - causative organism, SOD, Phytophthora Disease Of Alder	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	Phytophthora ramorum: one pathogen and many diseases, an emerging threat to forest ecosystems and ornamental plant life, Appiah, A., Jennings, P., & Turner, J.A., 2004 Phytophthora ramorum, the cause of sudden oak death or ramorum leaf blight and dieback, Henricot, B. & Prior, C., 2004	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Phytophthora alni/	Phytophthora alni	sudden oak death (causative organism), SOD, phytophthora disease of alder			mycelium	Foodplant / pathogen		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak		shoot				mycelium infects and damages shoot
trunk (base) (live)	live trunk (base) is decayed by fruitbody	Pseudoinonotus dryadeus	Oak Bracket	Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Pseudoinonotus dryadeus/	Pseudoinonotus dryadeus	oak bracket			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	trunk (base)				fruitbody is saprobic on live trunk (base)
trunk (live)	live trunk is associate of fruitbody	Truncospora atlantica	a bracket fungus	Polyporales: Polyporaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Truncospora atlantica/	Truncospora atlantica	a bracket fungus			fruitbody	Plant / associate		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	trunk				fruitbody is associated with live trunk
trunk (living)	living trunk is decayed by fruitbody	Spongipellis pachyodon	Toothed Mazegill	Polyporales: Polyporaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Spongipellis pachyodon/	Spongipellis pachyodon	toothed mazegill			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	living	trunk				fruitbody is saprobic on living trunk
twig	twig is foodplant of gregarious, crowded pycnidium of Macrophoma coelomycetous anamorph	Macrophoma nitens	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Botryosphaeriaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Botryosphaeriaceae/Macrophoma nitens/	Macrophoma nitens	a coelomycete	gregarious, crowded	pycnidium	Macrophoma coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak		twig				gregarious, crowded pycnidium of Macrophoma coelomycetous anamorph feeds on twig
twig	twig is decayed by punctiform stroma of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Helminthosporium microsorum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Pleosporales: Massarinaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Massarinaceae/Helminthosporium microsorum/	Helminthosporium microsorum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	punctiform	stroma	Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak		twig			(5-12)	punctiform stroma of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on twig
twig	twig is decayed by punctiform acervulus of Coryneum coelomycetous anamorph	Coryneum elevatum	a coelomycete	Diaporthales: Pseudovalsaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Pseudovalsaceae/Coryneum elevatum/	Coryneum elevatum	a coelomycete	punctiform	acervulus	Coryneum coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak		twig			(5-9)	punctiform acervulus of Coryneum coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on twig
twig (live)	live twig is galled by agamic larva	Plagiotrochus quercusilicis	a gall wasp	Hymenoptera: Cynipidae	Saphonecrus gallaepomiformis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae): A cynipid inquiline new to Britain, Bowdrey, J. & Notton, D., 2019	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Cynipidae/Plagiotrochus quercusilicis/	Plagiotrochus quercusilicis	a gall wasp			agamic larva	Foodplant / gall		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	live	twig	Sole			agamic larva causes gall of live twig
wood (dead, corticate)	dead, corticate wood is decayed by stroma	Xylaria cinerea	a stromatic pyrenomycete	Xylariales: Xylariaceae	Three new Xylaria species from southwestern Europe, Fournier, J., Flessa, F., Persoh, D. & Stadler, M., 2011	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Xylaria cinerea/	Xylaria cinerea	a stromatic pyrenomycete		stroma		Foodplant / saprobe		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead, corticate	wood				stroma is saprobic on dead, corticate wood
wood (dead)	dead wood may contain larva	Cetonia aurata	Rose Beetle, Rose Chafer	Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae	Cetonia aurata breeding on Holm Oak in Somerset, Whitehead, P.F., 2004	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Cetonia aurata/	Cetonia aurata	rose beetle, rose chafer			larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead	wood				larva feeds within dead wood
wood (dead)	dead wood is decayed by colony of Campsosporium anamorph	Camposporium pellucidum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Camposporium pellucidum/	Camposporium pellucidum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		colony	Campsosporium anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus ilex/	Quercus ilex	holm oak, evergreen oak	dead	wood				colony of Campsosporium anamorph is saprobic on dead wood

Species	Quercus ilex (Holm Oak, Evergreen Oak)
Genus	Quercus (oaks)
Family	FAGACEAE (forest trees)
Order	FAGALES (forest trees)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Author	Year	Title	Source
Spooner, B.	2007	A Taphrina species on Quercus ilex in Britain	Field Mycology Vol 8 (3): 77-79.
Plant Pathology
Redfern, M.	2008	Galls on Holm Oak (Quercus ilex), Maidenhead	uk.groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/british_galls/conversations/messages/275

Quercus ilex L.
(Holm Oak, Evergreen Oak)

Interactions where Quercus ilex is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Quercus ilex is also a member of:

Identification Works

General Works

Plant Pathology

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Forestry Commission	Sweet chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica)	www.forestry.gov.uk/chestnutblight
Anon, 2012	Chestnut Blight (Cryphonectria parasitica)
Appiah, A., Jennings, P., & Turner, J.A., 2004	Phytophthora ramorum: one pathogen and many diseases, an emerging threat to forest ecosystems and ornamental plant life	Mycologist Vol 18 (4): 145-150.
Baker, E.A. & Martin, J.H., 2011	Prociphilus fraxinifolii (Hempitera: Aphididae) a species new to Britain	Br. J. Ent. Nat. Hist. Vol 24 (4): 221-223, Plate 15.
Bowdrey, J. & Notton, D., 2019	Saphonecrus gallaepomiformis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae): A cynipid inquiline new to Britain	Br. J. Ent. Nat. Hist. Vol 32: 147-157.
Brasier, C., 1999	Phytophthora Pathogens of Trees: Their Rising Profile in Europe	Forestry Commission Information Notes, 30, 6pp, Forestry Commission
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants	Collins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
Cox, M.L., 2007	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland	336pp, Pisces Publications
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Fournier, J., Flessa, F., Persoh, D. & Stadler, M., 2011	Three new Xylaria species from southwestern Europe	Mycological Progress Vol 10: 33-52.
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Hawker, L.E., 1954	British Hypogeous Fungi	Philosophical Transactions, Series B., No 650, Vol 237, 118pp, The Royal Society of London
Hawksworth, D.L., Henrici, A. & Kirk, P.M., 1999	Melanospora pegleri, a new species from fallen Laurus and other leaves in the British Isles	Kew Bulletin Vol 54 (3): 795-799.
Henderson, D.M., 2004	The Rust Fungi of the British Isles: A Guide to Identification by their Host Plants	35pp, British Mycological Society
Henrici, A., 2012	Notes and Records (Jan 2012)	Field Mycology Vol 13 (1): 31-33.
Henricot, B. & Prior, C., 2004	Phytophthora ramorum, the cause of sudden oak death or ramorum leaf blight and dieback	Mycologist Vol 18 (4): 151-156.
Ing, B., 1990	An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews	Mycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Redfern, M. & Shirley, P., 2011	British Plant Galls	AIDGAP Keys, Second edition, 432pp, Field Studies Council
Redfern, M., 2008	Galls on Holm Oak (Quercus ilex), Maidenhead	uk.groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/british_galls/conversations/messages/275
Spooner, B., 2007	A Taphrina species on Quercus ilex in Britain	Field Mycology Vol 8 (3): 77-79.
Spooner, B.M., 2009	Elsinoe quercus-ilicis - a leaf disease of Quercus ilex new to Britain	Field Mycology Vol 10 (2): 65-66.
Whitehead, P.F., 2004	Cetonia aurata breeding on Holm Oak in Somerset	The Coleopterist Vol 13(1): 23-25.