Xyphosia miliaria (Schrank, 1781)
(Mottled Thistle Fly)

Interactions where Xyphosia miliaria is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
larva		larva feeds within capitulum			Carduus crispus	Welted Thistle	Asterales: Asteraceae	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Xyphosia miliaria/	Xyphosia miliaria	mottled thistle fly				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus crispus/	Carduus crispus	welted thistle			capitulum
larva		larva feeds within capitulum			Carduus nutans	Musk Thistle	Asterales: Asteraceae	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Xyphosia miliaria/	Xyphosia miliaria	mottled thistle fly				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/	Carduus nutans	musk thistle			capitulum
larva		larva feeds within capitulum			Centaurea nigra sens. lat. (=nigra/debeauxii)	common knapweed, lesser knapweed, hardheads	Asterales: Asteraceae	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Xyphosia miliaria/	Xyphosia miliaria	mottled thistle fly				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Centaurea nigra sens. lat. (=nigra/debeauxii)/	Centaurea nigra sens. lat. (=nigra/debeauxii)	common knapweed, lesser knapweed, hardheads			capitulum		Rare
larva		larva feeds within capitulum			Cirsium arvense	Creeping Thistle	Asterales: Asteraceae	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Xyphosia miliaria/	Xyphosia miliaria	mottled thistle fly				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Cirsium arvense/	Cirsium arvense	creeping thistle			capitulum
larva		larva feeds within capitulum			Cirsium eriophorum	Woolly Thistle	Asterales: Asteraceae	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Xyphosia miliaria/	Xyphosia miliaria	mottled thistle fly				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		Confirmed abroad, probable in UK/Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Cirsium eriophorum/	Cirsium eriophorum	woolly thistle			capitulum
larva		larva feeds within capitulum			Cirsium oleraceum	Cabbage Thistle	Asterales: Asteraceae	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Xyphosia miliaria/	Xyphosia miliaria	mottled thistle fly				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Cirsium oleraceum/	Cirsium oleraceum	cabbage thistle			capitulum
larva		larva feeds within capitulum			Cirsium palustre	Marsh Thistle	Asterales: Asteraceae	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Xyphosia miliaria/	Xyphosia miliaria	mottled thistle fly				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Cirsium palustre/	Cirsium palustre	marsh thistle			capitulum
larva		larva feeds within capitulum			Cirsium vulgare	Spear Thistle	Asterales: Asteraceae	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Xyphosia miliaria/	Xyphosia miliaria	mottled thistle fly				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Cirsium vulgare/	Cirsium vulgare	spear thistle			capitulum

Author & Year	Title	Source
White, I.M., 1988	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol 10. Part 5a, 134pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London

Xyphosia miliaria (Mottled Thistle Fly) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

DIPTERA
(two-winged flies)

INSECTA
(true insects)

Xyphosia miliaria (Mottled Thistle Fly) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

DIPTERA
(two-winged flies)

INSECTA
(true insects)

HEXAPODA
(insects and other 6-legged organisms)

ARTHROPODA
(arthropods)

ANIMALIA
(animals)

Invertebrates
(Invertebrates)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Xyphosia miliaria (Mottled Thistle Fly)
Family	TEPHRITIDAE (gall-flies, greater fruit flies)
Superfamily	TEPHRITOIDEA (lance and picture-wing flies)
Infraorder	Schizophora - Acalyptratae (an infraorder of flies)
Order	DIPTERA (two-winged flies)
Division	Endopterygota (bees, beetles, flies, moths and other insects with wings developing internally)
Infraclass	Neoptera (bees, beetles, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other advanced insects)
Subclass	PTERYGOTA (bees, beetles, dragonflies, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other winged insects)
Class	INSECTA (true insects)
Subphylum	HEXAPODA (insects and other 6-legged organisms)
Phylum	ARTHROPODA (arthropods)
Superphylum	ECDYSOZOA (skin shedders)
Clade	Bilateria (bilaterally symmetrical animals)
Subkingdom	EUMETAZOA (metazoans)
Kingdom	ANIMALIA (animals)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Xyphosia miliaria is also a member of:
Invertebrates - Invertebrates (via Arthropoda)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Xyphosia miliaria (Mottled Thistle Fly)

Identification Works

Handling & Magnification	Author	Year	Title	Source
	Gibbons, B.	2004	Xyphosia miliaria	Vol 15, No 4 Page: 284

Xyphosia miliaria (Mottled Thistle Fly) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

TEPHRITIDAE
(gall-flies, greater fruit flies)

DIPTERA
(two-winged flies)

INSECTA
(true insects)

HEXAPODA
(insects and other 6-legged organisms)

ARTHROPODA
(arthropods)

ANIMALIA
(animals)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Xyphosia miliaria (Mottled Thistle Fly):

TEPHRITIDAE
(gall-flies, greater fruit flies)

DIPTERA
(two-winged flies)

PTERYGOTA
(bees, beetles, dragonflies, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other winged insects)

INSECTA
(true insects)

HEXAPODA
(insects and other 6-legged organisms)

ARTHROPODA
(arthropods)

EUMETAZOA
(metazoans)

ANIMALIA
(animals)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Invertebrates
(Invertebrates)

BioImages

BioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 45 images of Xyphosia miliaria (Mottled Thistle Fly)

Creative Commons License

This website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence.

Unless otherwise expressly stated, all original material on the BioInfo website by Malcolm Storey is licensed under the above Creative Commons Licence.

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)