Alnus incana (L.) Moench
(Grey Alder)

Interactions where Alnus incana is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season	Summary
		may have adult			Cryptocephalus bipunctatus	a leaf beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus bipunctatus/	Cryptocephalus bipunctatus	a leaf beetle				adult	Plant / resting place / on			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder							(4-late 8)	adult may be found on
(dead)		dead is decayed by stroma			Hypoxylon petriniae	a woodwart	Xylariales: Xylariaceae	Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies, Anderson, R., 2008	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Hypoxylon petriniae/	Hypoxylon petriniae	a woodwart				stroma	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		dead			Rare			stroma is saprobic on dead
catkin scale (female) (live)		live catkin scale (female) is galled by ascoma			Taphrina alni	Alder Tongue	Taphrinales: Taphrinaceae	The recent article on fungus-induced galls…, Anderson, R., 2001	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Taphrinomycetes/Taphrinales/Taphrinaceae/Taphrina alni/	Taphrina alni	alder tongue				ascoma	Foodplant / gall		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		live	catkin scale (female)					ascoma causes gall of live catkin scale (female)
leaf		leaf is mined by larva			Agromyza alnivora	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Agromyza alnivora/	Agromyza alnivora	a leaf-mining fly				larva	Foodplant / miner			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder			leaf		Sole			larva mines leaf
leaf (dead)		dead leaf is decayed by small, whitish, punctiform, pustular colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph			Ramularia alnicola var multiseptata	(An Anamorphic Fungus)	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia alnicola var. multiseptata/	Ramularia alnicola var. multiseptata	(an anamorphic fungus)		small, whitish, punctiform, pustular	colony	Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		dead	leaf					small, whitish, punctiform, pustular colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (live, upward curling)		live, upward curling leaf is spotted by hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups uredium			Melampsoridium hiratsukanum	Alder Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae	First record of Melampsoridium hiratsukanum on alder in Norway, Gjaerum, H.B., Lye, K.A. & Solheim, H., 2004 Differentiating characteristics between Melampsoridium rusts infecting birch and alder leaves, Kurkela, T., Hanso, M & Hantula, J., 1999 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 British Rust Fungi, Wilson, M., & Henderson, D., 1966	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium hiratsukanum/	Melampsoridium hiratsukanum	alder rust		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups		uredium	Foodplant / spot causer			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		live, upward curling	leaf					hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups uredium causes spots on live, upward curling leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by amphigenous colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph			Ramularia alnicola var alnicola	an anamorphic ascomycete	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia alnicola var. alnicola/	Ramularia alnicola var. alnicola	an anamorphic ascomycete		amphigenous	colony	Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		live	leaf					amphigenous colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous, subepidermal telium			Melampsoridium betulinum	Birch Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium betulinum/	Melampsoridium betulinum	birch rust		hypophyllous, subepidermal		telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		live	leaf		Xenophagous			hypophyllous, subepidermal telium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous uredium			Melampsoridium betulinum	Birch Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium betulinum/	Melampsoridium betulinum	birch rust		hypophyllous		uredium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		live	leaf		Xenophagous		(8-10)	hypophyllous uredium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups telium			Melampsoridium hiratsukanum	Alder Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae	Differentiating characteristics between Melampsoridium rusts infecting birch and alder leaves, Kurkela, T., Hanso, M & Hantula, J., 1999 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 British Rust Fungi, Wilson, M., & Henderson, D., 1966	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium hiratsukanum/	Melampsoridium hiratsukanum	alder rust		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups		telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		live	leaf					hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups telium parasitises live leaf
leaf (small, yellow, prematurely falling)		small, yellow, prematurely falling leaf may be infected and damaged by			Phytophthora alni sensu Brasier et al, 2004	Alder Blight	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	Phytophthora Disease of Alder, Webber, J., Gibbs, J. & Hendry, S., 2004	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Phytophthora alni sensu Brasier et al, 2004/	Phytophthora alni sensu Brasier et al, 2004	alder blight					Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		small, yellow, prematurely falling	leaf		Minor			infects and damages small, yellow, prematurely falling leaf
trunk (live)		live trunk is parasitised by fruitbody			Phellinus alni	(A Bracket Fungus)	Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae	Phellinus igniarius and its closest relatives in Europe, Fischer, M., 1995	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Phellinus alni/	Phellinus alni	(a bracket fungus)				fruitbody	Foodplant / parasite		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		live	trunk		Major			fruitbody parasitises live trunk
trunk (tarry spotted)		tarry spotted trunk may be infected and damaged by			Phytophthora alni sensu Brasier et al, 2004	Alder Blight	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	Phytophthora Disease of Alder, Webber, J., Gibbs, J. & Hendry, S., 2004	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Phytophthora alni sensu Brasier et al, 2004/	Phytophthora alni sensu Brasier et al, 2004	alder blight					Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		tarry spotted	trunk		Minor			infects and damages tarry spotted trunk
wood		wood is decayed by superficial stroma			Daldinia petriniae	Alder Cramp-ball	Xylariales: Xylariaceae	Secondary metabolite profiles, genetic fingerprints and taxonomy of Daldinia and allies, Stadler, M., Wollweber, H., Mühlbauer, A., Henkel, T., Asakawa, Y., Hashimoto, T, 2001	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Daldinia petriniae/	Daldinia petriniae	alder cramp-ball		superficial		stroma	Foodplant / saprobe		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder			wood					superficial stroma is saprobic on wood

Author & Year	Title	Source
Anderson, R., 2001	The recent article on fungus-induced galls…	Field Mycology Vol 2 (1): 34.
Anderson, R., 2008	Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies	Field Mycology Vol 9 (2): 41-48.
Braun, U., 1998	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II	Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
Cox, M.L., 2007	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland	336pp, Pisces Publications
Fischer, M., 1995	Phellinus igniarius and its closest relatives in Europe	Mycol. Res. Vol 99 (6): 735-744.
Gjaerum, H.B., Lye, K.A. & Solheim, H., 2004	First record of Melampsoridium hiratsukanum on alder in Norway	New Disease Reports Vol 9.
Kurkela, T., Hanso, M & Hantula, J., 1999	Differentiating characteristics between Melampsoridium rusts infecting birch and alder leaves	Mycologia Vol 91 (6): 987-922.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Spencer, K.A., 1972	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Stadler, M., Wollweber, H., Mühlbauer, A., Henkel, T., Asakawa, Y., Hashimoto, T, 2001	Secondary metabolite profiles, genetic fingerprints and taxonomy of Daldinia and allies	Mycotaxon 77: 379-429.
Webber, J., Gibbs, J. & Hendry, S., 2004	Phytophthora Disease of Alder	Forestry Commission Information Notes, 6, 6pp, Forestry Commission
Wilson, M., & Henderson, D., 1966	British Rust Fungi	384pp, Cambridge University Press

Alnus incana (Grey Alder) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Alnus
(alders)

EU-DICOTS
(dicotyledonous flowering plants)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Broadleaved trees and shrubs
(broadleaved trees and shrubs)

Xylophytes
(broadleaved trees, shrubs and woody climbers)

Trees and shrubs
(trees and shrubs, including conifers)

Trees with bark of low pH
(acid-barked trees)

Trees
(broadleaved and coniferous trees)

Ectomycorrhizal broadleaved trees and shrubs
(ectomycorrhizal or ectotrophic mycorrhizal broadleaved trees and shrubs)

Ectomycorrhizal trees and shrubs
(ectomycorrhizal or ectotrophic mycorrhizal trees and shrubs)

Broadleaved trees
(broadleaved, frondose or deciduous trees)

Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants
(trees, shrubs, subshrubs and climbers, including conifers)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Alnus incana (Grey Alder)
Genus	Alnus (alders)
Family	BETULACEAE (birches, hazels, hornbeams and alders)
Order	FAGALES (forest trees)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Alnus incana (Grey Alder)

Alnus incana (Grey Alder) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Alnus
(alders)

FAGALES
(forest trees)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Xylophytes
(broadleaved trees, shrubs and woody climbers)

Trees and shrubs
(trees and shrubs, including conifers)

Trees
(broadleaved and coniferous trees)

Broadleaved trees
(broadleaved, frondose or deciduous trees)

Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants
(trees, shrubs, subshrubs and climbers, including conifers)

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Alnus incana (Grey Alder):

Alnus
(alders)

BETULACEAE
(birches, hazels, hornbeams and alders)

FAGALES
(forest trees)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Endomycorrhizal trees and shrubs
(endomycorrhizal or endotrophic mycorrhizal trees and shrubs)

Broadleaved trees and shrubs
(broadleaved trees and shrubs)

Xylophytes
(broadleaved trees, shrubs and woody climbers)

Endomycorrhizal plants
(plants that form endomycorrhiza)

Trees and shrubs
(trees and shrubs, including conifers)

Trees
(broadleaved and coniferous trees)

Ectomycorrhizal broadleaved trees and shrubs
(ectomycorrhizal or ectotrophic mycorrhizal broadleaved trees and shrubs)

Ectomycorrhizal trees and shrubs
(ectomycorrhizal or ectotrophic mycorrhizal trees and shrubs)

Broadleaved trees
(broadleaved, frondose or deciduous trees)

Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants
(trees, shrubs, subshrubs and climbers, including conifers)

BioImages

BioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 9 images of Alnus incana (Grey Alder)

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